‘Though often acknowledged as one of the most important avant-gardists of his generation in Europe, Alexander Kluge does not think of himself as such. He considers himself a partisan of an “arriere-garde” whose project is not to push into new aesthetic territory or be the vanguard of a new kind of film art, but to “bring everything forward”—to bring forward all the lost utopian aspirations of past political and aesthetic projects, all the wishes and hopes that history has left unrealized. His is a project of redeeming past failures. This might seem an odd claim by Kluge, who was a pioneer of the German New Wave as it emerged in the late ‘50s and early ‘60s, and a signatory and moving force behind the famous Oberhausen Manifesto of 1962 which declared “The old film is dead.” But like his intellectual precursor Walter Benjamin, Kluge has always thought any project for authentic renewal must consciously detour through the past in order to avoid creating what another of his great intellectual mentors, Bertolt Brecht, called the “bad new”—essentially the recreation of existing oppressive social relations and tired aesthetic forms in the guise of a glossy, marketable and illusory “New.” For Brecht, Fascism was the exemplary “bad new”; for Kluge, the “bad new” consisted of the dreary products of the “culture industry” and the tedious social conditions prevailing in Germany—about which he once said that they were bad enough that no one was really happy, but not bad enough to make anyone do anything about them.
‘Maybe our times are not so different, so it’s fitting that the Goethe Institute and the German Film Museum in Munich have decided to bring out a definitive edition of Kluge’s collected cinematic works in honour of his 75th birthday. It is long past due to bring Kluge’s work into public consciousness outside of Germany, where he is far from forgotten and where his style of creation and his role as a public intellectual are not so foreign. To make us aware that such figures still exist might be the greatest service this new edition of DVDs will perform in North America, where it is hard to imagine a personage like Kluge emerging organically from the political and cultural landscape. For Kluge is not only a filmmaker, but an intellectualof an older type whose realm of activity and expertise is astonishingly broad.
‘Kluge’s influence on German cinema extends far beyond the formal or stylistic influences he has exerted over filmmakers such as Harun Farocki. Without Kluge’s untiring activism on the part of the newly emerging Young German Film in the ‘60s, the system of public funding and training infrastructure that helped produce some of the most recognizable names in German cinema—Herzog, Wenders, Schlöndorff—never would have come into being. In addition to producing some 15 feature-length films and almost 20 shorts in his almost five decades of activity, Kluge has also written at least two novels and thousands of short stories that have garnered virtually every major literary and cultural prize that Germany has to offer. He is also an important critical theorist, the most interesting heir to the Marxist tradition of Benjamin and Adorno, who has published several major volumes of political philosophy with his collaborator Oskar Negt, most notably The Public Sphere and Experience (1972), a veritable bible for many leftist intellectuals in the ‘70s, and the massive Geschichte und Eigensinn (History and Obstinacy, 1981), a beautiful and complex rethinking of Marx’s theory of labour that explodes the generic and formal bounds of what has become known as “theory,” mixing together original work with hundreds of images and quotations from the past 800 years of German history. And since the mid-‘80s, Kluge has been producing a series of eclectic weekly television shows as a private entrepreneur—a contemporary cultural businessman cast in the mold of the auteurs who came to prominence in the European new waves of the ‘50s and ‘60s.
‘It is difficult to think of a comparable contemporary intellectual anywhere in the world, nor someone who offers such a radically different image of just what a filmmaker can be. The Film Museum’s first DVD collection (to be released in North America by Facets Multimedia in January 2008), comprised of all the features and short films Kluge produced for the cinema from 1960 through 1986—to be followed by a second collection consisting of primarily video, film and television material shot since 1985—is both a thrilling and daunting encounter for those who have yet to discover the extent of Kluge’s work. Fortunately, the beginning is not a bad place to start, since Kluge’s earliest films are perhaps his most accessible and provide a manageable immersion into his characteristic obsessions and quirks, his refreshingly strange mix of high and low culture, and his juxtapositions of lofty intellectual abstraction with the most basely material of bodily humour. Starting with the early work also provides a slow immersion into what is a truly unique method of film construction, to use a metaphor Kluge prefers, one which becomes over time increasingly complex and seemingly arbitrary. A new viewer needs to learn to watch Kluge, and in some ways to be initiated into a new and exceptional kind of filmic pleasure. Resolutely Brechtian in this, Kluge considers it to be part of what he calls the “utopia of film” that even the spectator nurtured on standard Hollywood fare—or its German counterpart in the horrid ‘50s Heimat films—can learn new ways of enjoying which are not merely distracting (or “culinary” as Brecht would put it), but which combine the more aesthetic and visual pleasures of cinema with the less frequent but no less intense pleasures of learning, knowing, and thinking.
‘Kluge’s start came after a rather inauspicious attempt to break into film. As the now almost mythical story goes, his friend and mentor Adorno helped him get on to Fritz Lang’s set as he was filming The Tiger of Eschnapur (1958). Kluge, apparently appalled at the indignities Lang suffered at the hands of his producers, retreated to the studio canteen and began writing the short stories that would later be collected in his first published work of fiction, Case Histories (1962). The experience only furthered Kluge’s conviction that a new, independent kind of cinema, one not exclusively oriented towards commercial success, was necessary if a vibrant film culture was to emerge in Germany. In 1960 he teamed with Peter Schamoni to direct his first film, the 12-minute Brutality in Stone (1961), which inaugurated Kluge’s decades-long obsession with Germany’s contemporary relationship to its fraught past. Brutality’s topic at first seems remote from the horrors of Nazi Germany, being a study of Nazi architecture and its apotheosis in the Nuremberg Party Grounds, site of the famous Nazi Party rallies and the shooting set for Triumph of the Will (1935).
‘The choice of National Socialist culture per se, as opposed to National Socialist politics or racial policy, as the starting point for his lifelong historical project is no accident, convinced as Kluge is that the cultural realm, and cinema in particular, is crucial to “organizing human experience” in the 20th century. It is characteristic of Kluge’s adamant modernism that his work bears this mark of cultural guilt that must be processed as much as any subjective and personal guilt felt on the part of individual Germans. The film’s brilliance lies in the way it locates the Nazi genocide within the heart of this falsely utopian culture, a culture that took great pains to prevent the horrors of the regime from breaking through its glossy and well-choreographed edifice. In a fantastic bit of montage, the camera slowly tracks through abandoned rooms and colonnades on the party grounds as excerpts from Rudolf Höss’ Auschwitz diaries are read, as if the very spirit of Nazi crimes haunted these now empty spaces. Though Kluge remains concerned with the legacies of National Socialism to this day, it should be noted that Brutality stands out as the only consistent and sustained treatment of the Nazi genocide within Kluge’s filmic oeuvre, whereas his later, more reticent meditations on the subject have occasioned some serious criticism.
‘Kluge’s breakthrough came with his first feature film, grievously translated in English as Yesterday Girl (1966), which won the Silver Lion in Venice in 1966. A truer rendering would be “Taking Leave of Yesterday,” an ironic title pointing to the plight of the main character and her inability to ever really escape the past. This is perhaps Kluge’s most accessible feature, and many critics have noted its obvious stylistics affinities to the early work of Godard, who had an enormous influence on Kluge at this time (Kluge has remarked that Breathless inspired him to go into filmmaking in the first place).
‘Yet those critics who paint the early Kluge as little more than a degraded imitator of Godard miss out on the fact that there’s something very different going on in Kluge, something that sets him apart from Godard and the other modernist filmmakers who would later be celebrated in the ‘70s in journals such as Screen. The French brand of “political modernism,” as D.N. Rodowick has labelled it, emerged from an intellectual tradition deeply informed by various strains of French Marxism, especially Louis Althusser and Guy Debord, as well as the structural semiotics of Roland Barthes and the theorists associated with the journal Tel quel. Kluge, however, came of intellectual age under the aegis of Brecht, Adorno, and the other thinkers associated with the Frankfurt School. Adorno, who discouraged Kluge’s filmmaking aspirations despite introducing him to Lang, was deeply antipathetic toward mass culture, and cinema and television most particularly, as was clear from the notorious “Culture Industry” chapter in The Dialectic of Enlightenment. For Adorno, cinema stood at odds with reason and enlightenment and constituted little more than a very effective and profitable method of manipulating the filmgoing public. He had little faith that cinema could escape its integration into an all-encompassing system of commodity culture and ever attain the status of Art.
‘Perhaps this cultural and intellectual inheritance accounts for the nagging pessimism of Yesterday Girl, which is offset by the beautiful black-and-white cinematography of Edgar Reitz, who would later helm the epic Heimat series. The main character, Anita G., stumbles her way through the landscape of the Federal Republic, from boyfriend to boyfriend, bad job to bad job, always on the run from the police who may or may not be chasing her, until she turns herself in, having no other options, in order to find a place to deliver the child she is carrying. The film is a great portrait of the malaise Kluge saw following in the wake of the great Wirtschaftswunder, and the nascent commodity culture (which gets a far more sanguine treatment from Godard) of the Federal Republic provides minimal pleasures to distract the main characters from their unpromising futures. The film does not suggest any course of action to change this situation, or for that matter to change Anita’s fictive life, and though Kluge has always maintained that his films are “partisan,” this refusal to create an agitational cinema did not sit well with more radical elements of the German left in the ‘60s, as became clear in 1968 at the Berlin Film Festival when students pelted him with eggs.
‘In 1968 Kluge premiered his second feature, Artists in the Big-Top: Perplexed, which for many is Kluge’s true masterpiece, though it prompted such confusion on the part of many viewers that Kluge offered free tickets for a second viewing. To the extent that it retains a coherent narrative, Artists follows the circus owner Leni Peickert, a classically stubborn, even obtuse, Kluge heroine, as she tries to fulfill her dream of creating a “reform circus”, a pursuit which of course proves to be hopeless—in the end she liquidates her assets, including selling off her beloved elephants, gives up and goes to work in television, opting for the “long march through the cultural institutions.” For some, this was an obvious abdication of revolutionary cultural aspirations and the more militant strains of Brechtianism current at the time. But the film is also a rather complex, if perhaps ultimately failed, attempt to negotiate between the poles of a Brechtian engagement and an Adornian belief in the radical negative potential of high “autonomous” art, both of which seemed insufficient on their own as self-contained programs. Yet Kluge, ever the dialectician, does not abandon either of these projects but seeks a rapprochement between them, Brecht’s didacticism matched with a healthy dose of Adornian negativity and skepticism. At no point do Kluge’s films resolve into either propagandistic sloganeering or an irresponsible withdrawal from their obligations to engage the world.’ — Christopher Pavsek
____
Stills
_____
Further
Alexander Kluge @ IMDb
Alexander Kluge Site (in English)
Alexander Kluge Site (in German)
Alexander Kluge’s books @ New Directions
The Stubborn Utopian: The Films of Alexander Kluge
Ben Lerner Interviews Alexander Kluge
Alexander Kluge interviewed by Jonathan Thomas
ALEXANDER KLUGE: ARCHAEOLOGIST AND VISIONARY
Alexander Kluge by Gary Indiana
Alexander Kluge and Hans Ulrich Obrist: What Art Can Do
The attack of the 13th fairy
DECEMBER BY ALEXANDER KLUGE AND GERHARD RICHTER
Alexander Kluge: ‘something almost monstrous in so much talent’
A short story about Donald Trump by Alexander Kluge
A PLURIVERSE OF POSSIBILITY: THINKING ABOUT THE FUTURE WITH ALEXANDER KLUGE
‘Body Count’, by Alexander Kluge
INDEFATIGABLE POLYPHONY, OR ALEXANDER KLUGE’S NARRATION IN COMPLETE THOUGHTS
Brecht Today: Interview with Alexander Kluge
A CINEMA OF CITATION: THE FILMS OF ALEXANDER KLUGE
“A CERTAIN LUXURY WE CALL FREEDOM” – MAX DAX INTERVIEWS ALEXANDER KLUGE
Alexander Kluge: «Weil wir Trump haben, brauchen wir einen Gegen-Trump»
Revisiting the Films of Alexander Kluge
‘I ONLY BLAST UNDER WRITTEN ORDERS’, by Alexander Kluge
Brecht and Labor in Post-1968 Cinema: Elio Petri and Alexander Kluge
______
Extras
Alexander Kluge talks about his mentor, Fritz Lang
Heiner Müller und Alexander Kluge mögen Death Metal
Alexander Kluge im Gespräch mit Anselm Kiefer
Alexander Kluge (dctp): „Freuen Sie sich über die neuen Mitbürger?“
_____
Interview
from MUBI
NOTEBOOK: To begin with, how did you become interested in filmmaking? Why did you want to be a filmmaker?
ALEXANDER KLUGE: I am an author of literature. I have been a lawyer, and on the other hand, I wrote books. But I was intensely interested in modern music—Alban Berg, Webern, Stockhausen, etc. Adorno took the same interest in modern music. This music is moving. A book is not moving, and therefore I was interested in film as something between literature and music.
We were very enthusiastic about the film of the 20s. We did not like the film of that present day, of the 50s at all, especially German film—the same UFA-principled film of the Nazi period. But the Nazi period minus politics. This is bad enough. Therefore our favorites were Hans Richter, Fritz Lang, Griffith, and the earliest films.
NOTEBOOK: Yes, I read a recent interview with Werner Herzog in which he said, “My connection to the cinema of the Twenties has anchored my work much more than anything else.”
KLUGE: This is exactly the same with my patriotism in film. I am a patriot of the 20s concerning film.
NOTEBOOK: A vibrant avant-garde culture flourished in the Weimar Republic for men such as Lang. Do you believe that the filmmakers who came to prominence in the 1970s relocated it in New German Cinema?
KLUGE: Well, I think that we learned from these filmmakers and from dramatists like Bertolt Brecht and Piscator. We have never been only filmmakers. Cinema d’auteur is always open to other kinds of art—to literature, to music, and not so much to photography because it doesn’t move. We liked James Joyce as much as the filmmakers of the 20s, and we introduced this style of montage into the 60s. The film I made, Yesterday Girl, has more to do with Eisenstein than with any German director of the 50s, 40s, 30s. And Fritz Lang belongs to the 20s.
NOTEBOOK: Why does Yesterday Girl have so much to do with Eisenstein?
KLUGE: It has to do with him because it is a similar kind of film montage. But my kind of montage is more like Godard than Eisenstein.
NOTEBOOK: You once stated that Breathless (1960) inspired you to become a filmmaker. And many critics have observed similarities between Yesterday Girl and Godard’s early work. What was the impact of Godard on you?
KLUGE: He’s my alterer bruder. He’s two years older than me. I was struck by his first films. We are followers of this French kind of filmmaking. The German way to make Autorenfilm/cinema d’auteur—if you compare Fassbinder, for instance, it’s a little bit more wild. We are more barbaric than the French.
NOTEBOOK: Do you believe that the Autorenfilm of the 1960s and 1970s fulfilled the Oberhausen Manifesto’s aims?
KLUGE: To some extent, yes, because all these short filmmakers started to make feature films. But there’s always been a fraction that stayed with the short film. For instance, I made a lot of one-minute films during the last five years. They are even shorter than the ten-minute films we made in the 60s. I believe in very short films, pieces, fragments on one hand, and on the other hand, in films of eight or ten or twelve hours. Did you ever see the film News from Ideological Antiquity: Marx – Eisenstein – Capital (2008)?
NOTEBOOK: Unfortunately, I haven’t, but I do know of it.
KLUGE: It is a nine-hour film consisting of fragments, and this is exactly the way Adorno wrote books, Walter Benjamin made The Arcades Project. Or in music—the modernists in the 20s tried to make new kinds, to find new forms of music. I still belong to this modernism of the 20s. A lot of others, like Edgar Reitz, did the same and made one hundred minute films on one hand, and on the other hand, one to ten-minute films and then twelve-hour films, eight-hour films, four-hour films.
NOTEBOOK: The one-minute films remind me of the films from the very earliest days of cinema, such as those of Georges Méliès and the Lumière brothers.
KLUGE: Yes, and Edison.
NOTEBOOK: Early cinema is very important to you. Was there a certain promise it held?
KLUGE: I believe film is like the phoenix. He dies, and then he rises again. This is the symbol of film history for me. If you go online, on YouTube, you will find one-minute films again. And we make them in 65mm. This is a very valuable kind of filmmaking. 35mm is the normal feature film format, and if you have double the negative, then you have 65mm film. It’s huge and very brilliant. We showed these minute films at the Venice Film Festival.
NOTEBOOK: To return to Autorenfilm, how do you view the contributions of your fellow filmmakers?
KLUGE: Well, they are very different. Each is an individual. It was a very strong group of about thirty young people—men and women. Some of them are still unknown, but they belong together. And our center of theory was at the Ulm School of Design. It is a college of design and the successor of the Bauhaus of the 20s. We had a film department in the school.
NOTEBOOK: Members of New German Cinema also made cooperative films, such as Germany in Autumn (1978), The Candidate (1980), and War and Peace (1982). How did you go about making these films? And how were your experiences on the cooperative films different from others?
KLUGE: I am a great ally of cooperative filmmaking, because film is not something you can make in your own room. Something exists that the economist-philosopher Adam Smith calls “animal spirits.” One worker, he says, works less in one hundred hours than one hundred workers in one hour. Because if people work together and there is cooperation, there is a certain spirit. Smith calls that “animal spirit.” If they are together, they feel stronger and are more inventive. I believe that imagination itself is collective. In my mind, there is a chorus of 20, 40, 50 ancestors and friends. For instance, my sister—I worked very often with my sister, an actress, and she is always present in my mind. Therefore I am not alone. And in a collective film like Germany in Autumn, all these people who work together behave more freely. The cameramen also behave differently. The directors are not tiger tamers anymore; they are more like gardeners. So they behave different on a collective film than on films they make only for themselves.
NOTEBOOK: You collect and assemble a great wealth of materials in your films. How do you go about doing this?
KLUGE: I am convinced that the material—it’s not what I make as a director, but what I meet as a director. This helps to bring a plurality into the film. The idea is a prism, not spectacle.
NOTEBOOK: So the material comes to you?
KLUGE: Yes, but I am able to seduce the material sometimes.
NOTEBOOK: You have said that films arise in the heads of spectators. What do you mean by this?
KLUGE: Since the Stone Age, people carry a kind of cinema in their heads. They painted memories of fights with rhinoceroses and other wild animals on the walls of their caves during this period. That was the beginning of cinema. This was already a kind of film, because it moved in their minds; outside it was static. Therefore cinema existed long before cinema was invented as a technical method. This kind of observation within every human being…they cannot but use their imagination. It is a film that is revitalized if you go to the cinema. Today people do not go to the cinema as often, and TV is not the same. But the pictures in people’s minds are still cinema.
NOTEBOOK: And these pictures, in a way, help them to live their lives?
KLUGE: Yes.
NOTEBOOK: Considering people do not go to the cinema as often anymore, what do you think is the future of cinema?
KLUGE: It’s a very complicated question. The cinema within our minds will continue and has an eternal life. Outside, in the cinemas, the distributors avoid real cinema. They show—well, you know what happens in the cinema. This does not have too much to do with film history. In Venice or Cannes or the Museum of Modern Art or film museums, you find a lot of film, and this is the second life of film—sometimes without much of an audience. But if you have two people who are interested in cinema, it’s still cinema.
NOTEBOOK: Lastly, you deal in wishes in your films. Would you share some of your own?
KLUGE: Well, you do not wish in every moment. You should ask me in what context.
NOTEBOOK: Well, what do you wish as a filmmaker?
KLUGE: I wish to cooperate with at least ten or twelve young filmmakers and to make film. This one is very simple. Film history is a matter of practice, and therefore I would like to have this practice. By the way, we have dctp.tv (Development Company for Television Programs) online, and there you will find a lot of films of mine and of others. Then you can understand it is not necessary to wish, because I have good cooperation with a lot of people there. You can find films of 140 minutes consisting of twenty or thirty pieces on different subjects. The pity is it’s in German. But you can watch the pictures regardless of the language, and there are lots of pictures.
I can tell you another wish. I would love to be accepted by an audience on the other side of the Atlantic.
________
19 of Alexander Kluge’s 132 films
____________
Brutality in Stone (1961)
‘In his experimental short film _Brutalitaet in Stein_ (brutality in stone), Alexander Kluge demonstrates how Nazi architecture used dimensions of inhuman and super-human scale to bolster the regime’s politics of the same kind. Shots of huge neo-classical architectural structures from the Nazi period are confronted with equally anti-human national-socialist language as a voice-over.’ — IMDb
the entire film
____________
Yesterday Girl (1966)
‘As the flagship film of the “young German cinema” movement, Alexander Kluge’s first feature, Yesterday Girl, paved the way for the New German Cinema of the 1970s. Produced immediately after the Oberhausen Manifesto, Yesterday Girl is an experimental, youth-oriented satire with a fragmentary story about an unruly heroine named Anita G. (Alexandra Kluge, the director’s sister and frequent collaborator.) Like any postwar German youth worth her salt, Anita wants to break free of the collective baggage left by her parent’s generation, but her flee from East to West Germany only confirms that conservatism and scarred memories thrive on both sides of the wall. A nominee for the Golden Lion and winner of a Special Jury Prize at the 1966 Venice Film Festival, Yesterday Girl made it clear the waning German film industry was headed for a renaissance.’ — Facets
Excerpt
Excerpt
_________________
Artists Under the Big Top: Perplexed (1967)
‘The film is a film d’auteur. It is an homage to the great times of silent movies and to the beginnings of film history. At the same time, it depicts something very modern, something that is as up-to-date in 2016 as it was in 1968. High up in the dome of the circus, the artists cannot react to the inhumanity of the world, and below on the ground, the clowns and circus workers can’t even begin to get the idea to start a revolution, to put in lots of effort and to change the world. So what to do? A film like Artists can, much like an insect’s eye, be a mirror via music, plot, montage, and words for such a topic. Today we have the ‘Internet of things,’ Silicon Valley, an Africa practically without industry, bomber planes over Aleppo (like artists under the big top), and victims in the basements (like the circus workers on the ground). A new circus film would certainly be adequate.’ — Alexander Kluge
Excerpt
Excerpt
_________________
The Big Mess (1971)
‘An aptly-named, hyper-collage, hyper-conceptual satire on capitalistic expansion, Kluge’s film feels like a strange d.a. levy poem about space travel written on a wall in a gas station bathroom. One’s ability to enjoy this film is directly related to one’s ability/willingness to follow the conceptual tangents Kluge is weaving throughout. Particularly of note are the themes of industrial monopoly and industrial scrap. Considering that the special effects in the movie are basically appropriated pieces of trash, Kluge is painting the great cosmic expansion as a pursuit where the largest companies are making insanely massive, state-of-the-art spaceships that are simply floating scrap ready to be bought and refurbished into new floating pieces of scrap not long after being launched. None of it seems to matter to the companies so long as they maintain control.’ — Cinema Imagination
Excerpt
_________________
Willi Tobler and the Decline of the 6th Fleet (1972)
‘After The Big Mess, Alexander Kluge returned to the conventions of science fiction for this assault on the German establishment. During the Galactic Citizen’s War, Willi Tobler, played by actor and intellectual Alfred Edel, decides to rid himself of material possessions after his sector is bombarded. He not only leaves behind his belongings, but also his wife and child as he volunteers to be the public relations man for the Chief Admiral of the 6th Fleet. However, his new life does not give him the security he seeks. Willi Tobler is an interesting genre experiment, combining Kluge’s dependence on improvisation with an intentionally low-budget look and offbeat intertitles, which evoke the hand-crafted effects of Georges Melies.’ — Facets
the entire film
________________
Part-Time Work of a Domestic Slave (1973)
‘Alexander Kluge’s Part-Time Work of a Domestic Slave is a film that probes just how difficult it is to understand the complex workings of politics and society, and to make a difference, when society and its structures are designed to eat up so much of a person’s time and energy. The film’s title itself implies as much: Roswitha (Kluge’s sister and frequent star Alexandra) is the “domestic slave,” a housewife who must divide her time between caring for her three children and her verbally abusive husband Franz (Bion Steinborn) and working to provide for them, leaving little time for thoughts or concerns outside of family life. The film is divided roughly in half, reflecting two different definitions of Roswitha’s “part-time work.” In the film’s first half, she works as an illegal underground abortionist since Franz has no job and she must support the family. In the second half, after Roswitha’s practice is shut down and Franz is forced to get a job, she becomes involved in social and political matters, trying to learn about the world outside her family. Her part-time work thus shifts, over the course of the film, from the need to provide for her family’s physical and material needs, to the freedom and time to develop her own thoughts and ideas independently of the family. It is seen as an essential trade-off: when Franz isn’t working, he’s free to read and think, to study with no clear purpose in sight, but once he has to get a job he all but disappears from the film. By the same token, when Roswitha stops working, her mind becomes active and engaged, and she has time to develop an interest in things happening outside of the home, outside of her immediate scope.’ — Only the Cinema
Excerpt
________________
In Danger and Deep Distress, the Middleway Spells Certain Death (1974)
‘ A female prostitute and thief makes her way through the city with a female GDR spy. Frankfurt, 1974. It’s Carnival time. At the same time police forcibly evict students from occupied buildings). Strong-Man Ferdinand: A fundamentalist of the security forces. The chief of plant security Rieche (played by Heinz Schubert) has more proficiency in his job than his superiors permit. He needs to somehow demonstrate that his position is valuable. «The most dangerous opponents of a system are its protectors.»’ — Trigon Films
Excerpt
________________
Strongman Ferdinand (1977)
‘Tense and satirical, Strongman Ferdinand (Der Starke Ferdinand) remains writer-director Alexander Kluge’s most accessible film. A master at political drama, Kluge employs a realistic mode and a straightforward narrative to create a timely story of terrorism. Heinz Schubert stars as Ferdinand Rieche, the head of security at a big chemical firm who becomes obsessed with finding potential risks. He fabricates threats to demonstrate his expertise and to suggest that he is indispensable, ultimately leading to harsher tactics and tighter enforcement. When the company director questions the need for such controls, Rieche considers the director a risk. Though produced during the 1970s, this tale of paranoia being exploited for personal gain is “a potent parable for our age (Thomas Elsaesser, Film Comment). Winner of the FIPRESCI Prize at Cannes.’ — Facets
Excerpt
Excerpt
________________
The Patriot (1979)
‘The central figure in Alexander Kluge’s 1979 film The Patriot (Die Patriotin) is Gabi Teichert, a high school history teacher from the German state of Hesse, whose complaints about the shortcomings of her discipline guide us through the diverse collection of photographs, drawings, stories, poems, maps, and staged and documentary footage out of which the film is constructed. Gabi Teichert, we are informed by the director, is a ‘patriot’ because she takes an interest in the rubble of history—in the memories, stories and diverse materials which have been forgotten and/or discarded by the official narratives which appear in the textbooks assigned to her students.’ — Tara Forrest
Trailer
________________
Miscellaneous News (1986)
‘Vermischte Nachrichten (Miscellaneous News) are on the last page of the newspapers. This drama strings together vignettes of events taken from everyday newspaper headlines. These stories are the base line of the film and they complement one another by creating a context. In this way, Germans are shown in their reactions to World War II, minorities, and the elderly. A side plot follows a meeting between former West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt and East German leader Erich Honecker. Vermischte Nachrichten is, together with Der Angriff der Gegenwart auf die übrige Zeit (1985), the last film for cinema by Alexander Kluge.’ — ARGOS
the entire film
________________
To Vertov (1998)
‘Alexander Kluge’s tribute to Soviet master Dziga Vertov, displaying a collage of stills from Vertov’s work on the screen of a white round TV set to the sound of brass music and percussion.’ — letterboxd
the entire film
________________
Spaceflight as an Internal Experience (1999)
‘Short science fiction film, a companion piece to Kluge’s Der Große Verhau and Willi Tobler und der Untergang der 6. Flotte.’ — trakt
the entire film
_________________
News from Ideological Antiquity (2009)
‘News from Ideological Antiquity, is perhaps Alexander Kluge’s most ambitious film. Surpassing nine hours of viewing, News is a strange total work of art, rare in our century. The idea that foments the screening of this film is, in many ways, to analyze our the status of the political in our present condition. The film will be shown in different sessions throughout the course of five weeks as to introduce a visual experience that is complex as well as demanding from its audience. Under the heading “Critical material on Eisenstein Project”, the viewers will find secondary material on the film in order to facilitate the viewing and engage in critical discussion. At first sight one could read Kluge’s film as a reworking of Soviet director Sergei Eisenstein’s project of filming, vis-à-vis James Joyce’s Ulysses, into reality of the twentieth-first century. At another level, Kluge’s film, like Godard’s Historie(s) du Cinema, is the total culmination, not only of his work, but of modern cinema as such. Monumental in scope, and avant-garde in its form, Kluge’s cinematic essay speaks to our contemporary world today more than ever.’ — klugedaskapital
Excerpt
________________
w/ Basil Gelpke Mensch 2.0 – Die Evolution in unserer Hand (2012)
‘What does it mean to be human in an age of artificial intelligence and lifelike robots? Alexander Kluge and Basil Gelpke investigate the complex interplay between man and machine and ask what direction our evolution will take. In MENSCH 2.0 – DIE EVOLUTION IN UNSERER HAND (G/CH 2012) they meet robots, neurologists and doctors and ask if robots are doubles of people, do they only provide help in everyday life or are they completely new beings? Some scientists believe that people and machines will be connected in such a way in future that the technology that surrounds us today will be introduced into our bodies. The question of what makes a person is central to the film. Do people have their evolution under their control or is a new form beginning with androids?’ — Pablo Marte
Trailer
_________________
Nachrichten vom Großen Krieg (1914-1918) (2014)
‘Three-channel video installation, color, sound’.
the entire film
_________________
Happy Lamento (2018)
‘A feature-length music film featuring director Khavn de la Cruz. It’s all about the circus, about electricity – but above all about the song Blue Moon, to which Elvis Presley lent his voice. Helge Schneider appears as a light snake man and Heiner Müller philosophizes about the moon. — MUBI’
__________
Orphea (2020)
‘The myth of Orpheus is well-known: he returns back to life from the underworld and laments the loss of his love with his music. Alexander Kluge and Khavn, an exceptional duo with explosive power, take this myth as the basis for a genuine revolution. Orpheus’ journey to the realm of the dead to save Eurydice has been failing for millennia and ends fatally. Anyone who wants to give the story a different twist must come up with something new, such as switching the genders. The result is “Orphea”. Determined to do anything for her “Euridiko”, Orphea (superbly played by Lilith Stangenberg) possesses the stirring power of music. Not only does she want to look at her beloved, she is intent on bringing all the dead back to life. Orphea is the angel of history: she turns her face to the past and is blown towards the future, understanding everything and carrying it all along with her. Philippine slums, immortality projects in the wake of the Russian Revolution, afterlife research in Silicon Valley, migration movements in Europe. The thousand-headed snake, the woolly mammoth, Tchaikovsky, Purcell, Adorno, Rilke… Kluge and Khavn deliver a total work of art for the new millennium.’ — Berlinale
Trailer
Excerpt
_____________
Cosmic Miniatures (2024)
‘At 91 years of age, Alexander Kluge is solidly regarded as a trailblazing figure in New German Cinema and the avant-garde. He remains active and curious about media, so it’s no wonder that he recently began experimenting with artificial intelligence. He has been exploring a particular programme developed in Munich for medical research, which he systematically strains in order to find his images at the farthest ends of the system’s creative faculties. With these, Kluge plays in the same essayistic fashion beloved from his television work – historical footage and a plenitude of texts, comics, charts and cabaret. In short: facts and fictions freely intermingle.
‘What makes Cosmic Miniatures especially satisfying is the way Kluge connects back to the early 1970s, arguably his most exuberant filmmaking period. It was then he created a few low budget science fiction movies – pulpy but with serious political smarts. This would also well describe the occasionally lurid joys of Cosmic Miniatures, like when memories of valiant space dog Laika sets the stage for the birth of a whole species of intergalactic battle dogs. The finale, though, with its homage to Kluge’s friend Edgar Reitz, opens up another unexpected dimension, very much a masterpiece unto itself.’ — Olaf Möller
Trailer
*
p.s. Hey. ** Misanthrope, Was your Dad particularly hot? My autograph is more likely to get you a million ‘Who?’s. ** _Black_Acrylic, Very nice treasure there, B. ** scunnard, I think I’ve signed a few French editions of my books with ‘Denis’. Close. ** Steeqhen, Gosh, do you think, about that social media influence? I have a lot of young friends who look at their ever-present social media filled phones like palm readers, but they seem pretty clear about social media’s irreality. But maybe I’m just lucky. And I suppose I’m old enough that social media just mostly seems like interactive television. And one of my favorite things is to pretend I’m invisible. So I don’t know. Whatever works, man. Exciting things happen at the gym? I’ve never been in one. Whenever my friends who go to the gym talk about their experiences there they only talk about ‘cute guys’ they saw. But I guess that counts as excitement. Anyway, again, whatever works, right? ** julian, Yeah, I’m surprised that Beckett thing isn’t even more expensive. I wish my punk band had been cool. It had a cool name, The Same, which, at that time, had never been used as a band name before, believe it or not. Music’s a giant influence on my writing, of course, and I do try to namecheck the specific influences in the novels if I can do so gracefully. I think someone made a Spotify playlist of all the music referenced in my novels at one point. Not sure if it’s still extant. Happy day, friend. ** pancakeIan, Hi. I kind of cheated by slipping in that Marilyn thing since she wasn’t exactly a literary figure, but it was intriguing enough that I broke the rule and hoped that no one would complain. Thanks for the direct Anna’s link. I keep putting off going there, and now I have no excuse. I got to know Christian (Bale) pretty well post- the interview, and he is complex but a very good person. I knew his dad pretty well too. Lovely guy who, in those days, was married Gloria Steinem. ** Kendon Ray aka Dennis harkner, Hi. Well, thank you. Love in return. ** Steve, That’s mind-boggling. Death is so fucking huge. No explanation on the Burroughs quote. So I guess it could be ‘screw’ as in the hotsy kind of sense or ‘Screw’ as in the fuck you kind of sense. No, no lingering thoughts or dreams of further musical exploration. It just really wasn’t in my talent’s wheelhouse, trust me. ** Carsten, Hey. When I was young I obsessively collected Grove Press books, and I do treasure having all those first edition hardcovers of Beckett, Burroughs, Genet, and on and on. I do like autographs. When I was kid I carried an autograph book with me all the time and hit up every celebrity I happened upon (Lucille Ball, Mickey Dolenz, various TV actors, etc.) in stores or the airport or wherever for their signatures. I don’t know why. Good question. ** HaRpEr //, Cool about the Dirk Bogarde signed books. I’m a fan. Two of my most prized possessions are personally signed books by Robbe-Grillet and John Ashbery. R-G signed it ‘to my comrade in the phantastmic’, which is cool. What’s a lesser known Lewis Carroll book that I should read? I only know the biggies. Huh, interesting about Gaspar -> children’s film. Yeah, that could work, for sure. It’s good he’s trying to change things up because his films got pretty schticky at a certain point, to me. John Waters tried to make a children’s film for Netflix, but they wouldn’t pony up with enough funds to make it happen, the idiots. ** Paul Curran, Hey, Paul! Not Jerry G’s, indeed. Obviously your kid should avoid the US, not that they would let any student in at the moment. Yeah, the money thing … like you can’t get French filmmaking funds if the film’s not shot in France unless almost every actor and crew member is French, but then you have to pay for all those people’s flights and lodging elsewhere. It’s a racket even here where there are funds. O’Rourke lives where you are, yes. Stephen O always sees him when he’s touring there. Stephen has volunteered to hook O’Rourke and me up next time I get down there. Weird, I just randomly watched a video interview with Mustaine yesterday where he was ranting about how he was the only important thing about Metallica and wrote their only good songs and just generally seeming like a washed up wretch. Nice autograph though, haha. I think I have a book of yours signed by you here somewhere unless I’m hallucinating. ** Okay. Alexander Kluge is one of the last surviving visionary filmmakers, a slightly older peer of Fassbinder, Herzog, etc., but extremely less known than his former comrades, I guess because his work is so challenging and cerebral, but it’s shame because he’s one of the greats. ‘Artists Under the Big Top: Perplexed’ is one of my all-time favorite films. Anyway, I thought I would give you a chance to get to know of his work if you feel so inclined today. See you tomorrow.
Now available in North America 