‘Halfway through a video of Johanna Went’s 1988 performance Passion Container, a masked, horned, enrobed figure holds up a red container that resembles an oversized organ. Blood pours from it, reddening the figure, now dancing to a No Wave beat. As the dance escalates into an ecstatic bounce, blood drenches the robe.
‘The trancelike dance and allusions to sacrifice recall the quasi-ritualistic performances that characterized Viennese Actionism in the 1960s, but the overall aesthetic is comically macabre. Still, Went’s over-the-top scene is riveting. Few artists would combine the symbols of ritual with noise- and dance music, fake blood, and homemade costumes, and perhaps only Johanna Went would animate it all with humor.
‘Passion Container is one of around 200 shows Went performed from 1977 through the ’80s in Los Angeles. Performances at venues such as Franklin Furnace (1987) and the Lincoln Center (1991) in New York and Track 16 Gallery (2007) in LA show Went’s more formal side, but it’s the club shows — in which she quick-changes costumes, gyrates, grunts and howls, and smears and swallows viscous ooze — that established her as a cult figure in the annals of LA art and punk, and gave her the nickname “hyena of performance art.”
‘Went began performing in 1975 with improvisational theater troupes Para-Troupe and the World’s Greatest Theater Company. Following a move to Los Angeles in 1977, she started performing solo, adding live music after meeting sound artist and percussionist Z’EV and composer Mark Wheaton, who would become her collaborator for the next four decades.
‘It’s no surprise that Went’s boundary-pushing performances drew eyes from the experimental LA club scene. Consider another moment in Passion Container, in which she wears a bulbous mask with an anus-like mouth, and a nun character shovels gruel into a larger anus-mouth. Signifiers are shifting — mouth, anus, eye, sun. Later, her face emerges from the massive vagina of a larger-than-life puppet as two sewage-green demons fling a huge, pillowy three-eyed head into the audience. The show associates the feminine and maternal with the earth, both threatened by monstrous masculinity (reified in a giant phallus). But Went’s frenzied performance is too fast and chaotic to be contemplated; it’s experienced.
‘In an article on Went for 4Columns, author Geeta Dayal writes: “When Lady Gaga debuted her meat dress in 2010, I had a flashback: it sounded like something Went would have done in 1982. In a just world, Johanna Went would be as much of a household name as Lady Gaga.”
‘Went continued to perform into the 1990s and, less frequently, the 2000s. (She stopped performing after Ablutions Of A Nefarious Nature at Track 16 in 2007 due to an ankle injury and arthritis.) She has received some of her due in 2020, with a limited-edition reissue of her 1982 debut record Hyena (on red vinyl) and recent retrospective, Passion Container, at the Box in Los Angeles. The exhibition (which closed March 28), displayed photos, ephemera, art, and costumes drawn from Went’s personal archive, alongside screenings of her performances (available to view online).
‘The costumes, which Went constructed mostly from discards found on streets and in dumpsters, combine craft with invention. Symbols of traditional women’s roles — baby dolls, high-heeled shoes, a nun’s habit — are integrated into colorful agglomerations of unruly femininity. In one eye-catching example, figures and symbols are painted on a metallic pink robe with a grotesque pink mask. Jarring juxtapositions of stuffed animals and dolls, skulls, and dildos exaggerate the creepy side of the visual extravaganza. Along with demented Muppet-like soft sculptures (including the aforementioned three-eyed head and a giant vagina spewing red fabric), they underscore Went’s ingenuity as a maker as well as a performer.
‘More recently, Went (who still lives in Los Angeles) has been working on drawings for new costumes and writing and performing spoken word pieces, while organizing, editing, and preserving her audio, video, and photographic archives with Wheaton.
‘Her exhibition at the Box has made her “seriously consider the possibility of working with younger able bodied dancers and performers,” she said by email. “Those options have occurred to me before, but the public’s response to the Box exhibit was far greater than I had expected and reacquainted me with my audience.”
‘While Went’s transgression of categories is part of her work’s fascination, it has presented challenges to audiences. For instance, an Artforum reviewer in 1983 criticized her work as a “parody of transgression.” Implicit in this criticism, and its implication that parody and transgression are mutually exclusive, is the discomfort that unclassifiable things cause us as a culture. Went transgressed not only genre but also bodily and symbolic boundaries. Her performances have addressed feminine tropes, such as the mother and virgin, and faux-sacrificial blood is conflated with menstrual blood; in Passion Container and other performances she volleyed giant, soiled tampons back and forth with the crowd. These gestures recall Julia Kristeva’s designation, in Powers of Horror, of polluting objects as either excremental or menstrual, the former threatening the ego from without, the latter from within, both ultimately endangering what anthropologist Mary Douglas calls our “cherished classifications.”
‘Went’s outré spectacles — intermingling horror and hilarity — incorporated both. Messy, anarchic, sexualized, they engaged fluidity and flux, refusing to be reduced to a single thing.’ — Natalie Haddad
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Stills
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Further
Johanna Went, the “Hyena of Performance Art”
Johanna Went @ Bandcamp
Johanna Went @ Discogs
Catherine Taft on Johanna Went @ Artforum
Johanna Went @ Forced Exposure
Johanna Went @ The Box
Johanna Went: Where to go after perfection?
Bloody pig heads, jagged music
Johanna Went: Passion Container
JOHANNA WENT: NO WAVE PERFORMANCE ARTIST
Johanna Went @ Ubuweb
Johanna Went: Slave to the Grave
Johanna Went @ LARB
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Audio Recordings
Hyena 1982 EP
Slave Beyond the Grave
Live On Broadway 8/21/82 – cassette
Benny’s Nightmare
Saint Joan Not Alone
Bad End
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Interview: Women in Punk: Alice Bag and Johanna Went
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Visuals
‘The radical performance artist Johanna Went is one of the true legends of the California underground, and one who deserves much wider renown. I first came across her name about two decades ago, while interviewing some punk and post-punk bands from the 1980s. Musicians would talk in awed tones about Went’s infamous shows at venues like San Francisco’s now-defunct Mabuhay Gardens and the late Hong Kong Café in Los Angeles. She was known for transfixing and sometimes gory performances, featuring fantastical costumes made of materials filched from dumpsters and strange, ritualistic improvised music. But detailed information about her work was disappointingly hard to find. When Lady Gaga debuted her meat dress in 2010, I had a flashback: it sounded like something Went would have done in 1982. In a just world, Johanna Went would be as much of a household name as Lady Gaga.
‘One of the best sources of information on Went is RE/Search #6/7: Industrial Culture Handbook, a 1983 bible for the industrial music landscape edited by V. Vale and Andrea Juno. The book includes interviews with well-known bands like Throbbing Gristle and Cabaret Voltaire, but also with key figures in the subculture who formed the vital connective tissue of entire scenes. These were people like Mark Pauline, the wily founder of robot wrecking crew Survival Research Laboratories, and musician and provocateur Monte Cazazza, who originally coined the term “industrial music.”
‘The Los Angeles gallery the Box has mounted a necessary and wide-ranging retrospective of Went’s work from the 1970s to the 2000s titled Passion Container, its name derived from a 1988 performance. Numerous soft sculptures and costumes fill the space—colorful, hilarious, and often grotesque characters, arranged dynamically as if they were attending a particularly demented party. As you look at them leering and posing, they seem almost alive. Many of these outfits were originally worn by Went in her early stage performances.
‘Passion Container is a crucial step in reviving Went’s riveting body of work. Further exhibitions globally would help to reassert her legacy as one of the most distinctive performance artists of our time—not just on the West Coast, but the world at large. But there should be more—perhaps a book, a tour, a major documentary. And this work shouldn’t just live in the visual-art world; it should be part of the history of music. The stories of punk, post-punk, and industrial music would not have been the same without her searing and original presence.’ — Geeta Dayal, 4columns
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Gig
Bloodletting (Overview/showreel, 1988)
Compilation edit: Mark Wheaton
Johns Place (1977)
Hollywood Central Theater (1979)
Duration: 15 minutes, 13 seconds
Music: Paul M. Young (Serge Modular), Z’EV (percussion)
The Worm (Cue: 15:27 – 18:22, 1980)
8mm silent film by Bill Derby
Duration: 2 minutes, 55 seconds
Featuring Johanna Went with score by Mark Wheaton
New Wave Theater (1980)
Duration: 6 minutes, 7 seconds
Featuring Johanna Went with Brock Wheaton (drums) and Mark Wheaton (Steiner Parker synthesizer)
UCLA Live (1982)
Video directed by Shirley Clarke
Duration: 9 minutes, 12 seconds
Performers: Johanna Went with music by Mark Wheaton (Steiner Parker synthesizer)
and Brock Wheaton (drums)
Camera: Bruce McCrimmon, Martin Kersels, Kevin Barrett
Assistants: Peggy Frarrar DiCaprio and George DiCaprio
On Klub (1982)
The Box (1983)
Video directed by Shirley Clarke
Duration: 4 minutes, 5 seconds
Performers: Johanna Went with music by Mark Wheaton and Joe Berardi
Percussion: Joe Berardi, cello: Jonathan Gold, bass: Hans Christian, clarinet: Greg Burk,
Mattel toy feedback guitar: Mark Wheaton
Engineered by Mark Wheaton and Andre Champagne
Knifeboxing (1984)
Club Lingerie, Los Angeles, CA
Duration: 23 minutes, 38 seconds
Music: Mark Wheaton (Tape loops, Sound Mix), Greg Burk (saxophone), Robin Ryan (percussion)
Primate Prisoners (1987)
Abstraction Gallery, Los Angeles, CA
Duration: 19 minutes, 12 seconds
Camera: Stuart Cornfeld and Hugh Brown.
Performers: Johanna Went, Annie Iobst, Lucy Sexton. Music: Mark Wheaton (tapes, synth),
Greg Burk (saxophone), Danielle Elliot (drums)
Passion Container (1988)
Duration: 35 minutes
Performers: Johanna Went, Peggy Farrar, Stephen Holman.
Music: Greg Burk (saxophone), Robin Ryan (drums), Mark Wheaton (tapes and synth).
Hopes and Dreams of the Damned (Cue: 1:20:03 – 1:55:26, 1992)
Los Angeles Contemporary Archive (LACE)
Duration: 35 minutes, 25 seconds
Performers: Johanna Went, Peggy Farrar, Maureen Jennings, Tom Murrin
Music: Mark Wheaton
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p.s. Hey. ** David Ehrenstein, Hi. I honestly just have no interest in Jordan Peterson, and happily I live in France where he is nonexistent. ** Dominik, Hi!!! My pleasure. Yeah, we’ve had, I don’t know, eight baby pigeons birthed near our windows now, and you (or I, at least) do get sort of attached to them, or at least invested in caring that their parents show up to feed them and hang out with them so they’re not lonely and coax them into trying to fly when the time comes, and their parents are pretty good at fulfilling those duties, and of course you cant help but wonder if their loyalties and impulses spring from the same place human parents’ do given how tiny and focused and differently configured they brains are relative to ours, etc. So, yeah, basically, ha ha. Paris Disneyland was lots of fun. The new Marvel Campus is solid, not amazing, and the two new rides there are good, not mindboggling. And we rode everything we wanted, and … it killed a day very entertainingly. You should be its director, clearly. Love putting you in a time machine — my love seems to have a big thing for time machines for some reason — so you could go back and see a Johanna Went performance live in her heyday because they were very weird and great, G. ** Bill, Good, good, my goal was met. Yay me. Oh, wow, thank you a lot for that link. I knew nothing about that for some strange reason. Wow, crazy and awesome. I’ll go find every minuscule thing I can about that. I’ve heard of ‘Resurrection’. Okay, I’m on it somehow. (Don’t think it’s been in France, yet anyway). ** Sypha, Much loftier (and better). Snuggly is squeamish about sex scenes? Granted, I’m not that familiar with Snuggly, but I’d vibed that they were adventurous, so wtf! Maybe Paul Curran can send some of his Yakuza friends over to Mr. Isis’s door. ** _Black_Acrylic, Yes, indeed! I wish I had an ‘in’ in that industry for all kinds of reasons. ** Steve Erickson, Try playing Merzbouw full blast? Everyone, Steve Erickson has interviewed Roger Shepherd, head of the great and legendary record label Flying Nun, and that should be very interesting, so read it post-haste, I suggest. Thanks for the fill-in on the novel. That sounds potentially intriguing enough that even the very tired (to me) zombie thing might not be a problem. Thanks! ** Billy, Hi, Billy. Oh, that’s interesting: I’d never heard that term before. Huh. That Kara Walker piece definitely qualifies. I only didn’t include it because I think it was in the first Edible post a couple of years ago unless I’m mistaken. I’m good. Paris seems un-assaulted other than by slightly too high temperatures. Are you doing A-okay too? And, if so, how so, or, if not, why not? ** Right. Unless you resided in the California region back in the 80s and/or 90s, you might not be familiar with the crazed, brilliant, mind-blowing performances of the great Johanna Went. You might know her recordings, as they were known in the general alt-music scene and still are to some degree. Happily, the LA gallery The Box has uploaded video documents of most of Went’s performances recently, which makes a post intro’ing her work possible. And I’m obviously hoping that you’ll read and poke around and discover her stuff because it’s sadly under-known. So that’s your optional blog assignment for today. See you tomorrow.