DC's

The blog of author Dennis Cooper

Jon Jost Day *

* (restored/expanded)

 

“Unlike almost all American directors, Jon Jost is not a traitor to the movies. He makes them move.” — Jean-Luc Godard

‘A figure like Jon Jost probably won’t come along again anytime soon. Whether this is a good or bad thing for independent cinema in the U.S. is, quite frankly, an open question. What would the Sundance and Weinstein universe do with someone who has so little use for money, authority or the polite bourgeois pieties that grease the contemporary film industry? Here’s a man who would rather walk away from the material trappings of success, so vitally important to so many, in order to make the work he wants to make. Jost works small, so that he can work true.

‘And yet he is no romantic Luddite. Everyone adapts. If you go to the website of Jon Jost, one of the most fiercely independent filmmakers the U.S. has ever produced, you will find statements on the virtue of digital imaging tools, along with information about renting or purchasing his films and videos from him directly. This includes recent works, made specifically in and for the DV medium, and Jost’s older films, which were shot and edited in either 16mm or 35mm film. While many artists quite understandably lament the inevitable loss of celluloid as a means of aesthetic communication, Jost isn’t looking back, except to get those early works out into the world.

‘Much of the so-called independent cinema of today wouldn’t really be possible without Jost, who spent the 1970s making poetic experimental narratives like Last Chants (for a Slow Dance), Bell Diamond and Slow Moves, usually for a couple thousand dollars apiece. These were films that excavated dominant mythologies, particularly the twin icons of rugged masculinity and the American West, while also finding the time to direct audience attention to the conditions of their making. Actors momentarily slip out of character; a sliver of documentary information disrupts the diegesis; Jost’s own voiceover discusses the filmmaking process, etc. Although none of these films ever made it big, Jost managed to get them seen by enough people around the world to make a name for himself. Prominent international critics considered him a rightful American heir to Jean-Luc Godard.’ — Nashville Scene

‘Jon Jost might be considered the epitome of the aging, alienated and aggrieved independent film director. He is sitting in a borrowed New York apartment in hand-me-down clothes, doesn’t have a place to live and has no visible means of support, other than a coming arts residency at the University of Nebraska.

‘“Most people from my generation became teachers long ago,” Mr. Jost said.

‘For the past four decades Mr. Jost, 63, has been making films on shoestring budgets with no-name casts that almost nobody outside of European film festivals ever sees. Perhaps the closest he has come to popular awareness was All the Vermeers in New York (1990). Since then he spent a decade in Europe toiling away in relative obscurity. From 1972 to 1976, he lived in Montana, where he scrounged from garbage cans and lived with a single mother and her daughter in one room with no heat or running water.

‘In 2004, he stayed in Newport, Ore., at the house of one of the actresses he cast in his most recent film, Homecoming, which he is still trying to find a festival home for domestically — forget about distribution. His income, such as it is, comes principally from selling DVD’s of his work on the Internet. He now lives in Lincoln, Neb.

‘“I can’t say I’m happy not making a living after 40 years in the business,” Mr. Jost said. “I’m not independently wealthy. I’m independently poor.”

‘Mr. Jost’s plight and perseverance constitute an extreme version of the mostly sideways career path followed by many of the generation of independent filmmakers who made a splash in the late 1980’s and early 90’s. When these directors, mostly now in their 40’s and 50’s, got started, the indie business was full of mom-and-pop operations with nickel-and-dime aspirations. Now the corner stores have been edged out by studio specialty divisions with far larger appetites and needs. Geoffrey Gilmore, the director of the Sundance Film Festival, said that in the early 90’s an independent film was considered a hit if it grossed $1 million. Now it’s $25 million.

‘“I’ve spent my life being left out,” Mr. Jost said. “I’d like to stop, but it’s what I do.”’ — John Clark, NYT

 

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Stills





























































 

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Further

Jon Jost Official Website
Jon Jost @ IMDb
Jon Jost’s Weblog
‘6 Filmmaking Tips Directly From Indie Pioneer Jon Jost’
‘Jon Jost Retires (Sort Of)’
‘Coming to Terms: Diary of a film’
Jon Jost @ Twitter
‘The Big Circus’ by Jon Jost
Jon Jost’s films @ Strictly Film School
‘Notes from Practice’ by Jon Jost
‘PLAIN SONGS: ESSAYING AMERICA’
‘Except for a handful of movies Hollywood is fake’
‘Seventy years of Jon Jost’
‘Never let Mark Rappaport or Jon Jost leave their junk at your house’
‘A “Digital Art Revolution” Interview with Artist Jon Jost’
‘American film maker accuses Portugal’s press’

 

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Extras


The Director Talks: Jon Jost


Jon Jost’s portrait by Gérard Courant (1982 – silent)


Digital Dancing with Jon Jost


Sequence from Jon Jost’s ‘Swimming in Nebraska’


Jon Jost interviewed in 2013

 

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Interview

 

Your approach to narrative filmmaking is really interesting for its production method: having no real hard and fast script that actors have to follow, but also, using a lot of non-actors.

Jon Jost: Sometimes.

Oh, yeah?

JJ: Well, I’ve made tightly-scripted ones too.

Oh, I didn’t realize that. But you do use a lot of non-actors and usually that’s associated with a sort of documentary aesthetic. Did you ever perceive it as such?

JJ: I’m not certain what I perceived at the time I made them. For example, when I say I made tightly scripted films, most of my earlier films-the short films, not the very first short films, but the ones where I started working with sound-were tightly scripted essentially for economic reasons because the first take was always “the” take unless something horrible technical thing happened and made it unacceptable. A practice which I continued with because I think if you prepare right, your first take should be the good take. So I started that-the surest way to be able to make the film-with what were the very, very limited means I had. Then, you know, Speaking Directly, is not a fiction film, it’s an essay film-it was essentially all written visually; it wasn’t all completely preconceived. Angel City (1977) was all scripted except for one deliberately improvised sequence. And then Last Chants for a Slow Dance (1977) was more or less completely improvised around a careful plan. You know, here’s the five scenes we’re going to do, and this is going to do this, and this is going to do that. There was writing involved, but it was a sort of mixture: some of it was written, some of it was to be left open.

And I discovered that I could improvise. If I did the improvising right, I didn’t have to do more takes than I did with a script. And then I saw the virtues of improvising: I got things that I saw immediately that I would have never gotten if I had written it and they’d practiced it. There were usually things I found that were in effect more attractive and interesting to me. I then veered off towards improvising in a very open way. I think that a lot of people when they watch these, they would never imagine they were improvised because they don’t see anything sloppy or out of control. It’s a very clean, lush, seemingly highly controlled work which never had a word on paper about it. Some of the best scenes in it were absolutely wide-open improvising and on the first take. The kind of thing where if you try to do it again, you would just fuck it up-the first take has the magic.

But then The Bed You Sleep In (1993) was scripted, or it was mostly scripted. The word part, like the script, was the dialogue for a handful of scenes without any visual thing; the visual stuff was lots of photographs done with lots of thinking about what to do and how to do it. Maybe little sketches on paper, but never really done while shooting. The actual thing was more spontaneous: “Okay, now we have this very clear idea, lets go find the shots that look right for this thing.” For a period I was adamant about only improvising, and now I like whatever works. We’re doing this scene tightly scripted, the whole movie tightly scripted-whatever works best, I do that.

Working with non-actors wasn’t thought of so much this way at the time. The non-actors were my friends who were willing to be in a movie for free. Later on, I saw what I liked in working with them and got where I liked it. I liked what happened when we juxtaposed a non-actor with an actor. Often times the non-actors feel insecure because they have this supposed professional who supposedly knows what they’re doing. I like what the amateur does to the professional because real professionals are essentially lazy. They have their little grab bag of actoring tricks and if you put them with another actor they’ll ping pong back and forth their little actor tricks, something I don’t like very much. Whereas when you put an actor up with an amateur or a non-professional, he can’t assume that if he throws out a riff he’ll get back the corresponding actorish thing. So suddenly actors have to start thinking and quit being lazy because they basically have a loose cannon opposite them. I like the shift that it causes in the actors, eliminating the kind of predictable things that they would do if they were working with other actors. It gets sort of jostled around a bit and makes them work a little harder.

Obviously your interests as a filmmaker have gravitated towards narrative modes and I have two questions starting with that point. One is why you made Speaking Directly? It seems like a blip, a diversion compared to where you seemed to be going everywhere else.

JJ: Well, if you saw my short films you would see they are very much connected to that one. They’re just sort of loose, lyrical, sort of urban or place portraits. The one that I’m also in is a kind of vague self- portrait. You know, it’s like just before I went to prison: I did the portrait of Chicago in my sort of depressing-but-at-the-same-time- lyrical style. And so I would say the early, or the short films wandered between either completely abstract things, the sort of people-in-a-place type of thing, and attempts at some kind of essays or little stories. Usually the stories were crossed over with essays and Speaking Directly is pretty much an amalgamation of all those things. If you saw my short films, and you saw Speaking Directly, you’d see that there was a pretty natural progression that got me there.

Angel City was a narrative inside some kind of essay/documentary about Los Angeles. That’s why The Last Chants for a Slow Dance is more of a straight, experimental narrative-I kept with the narrative, and had a little less essay. And then there is Chameleon (1978) which is again a more or less narrative work, and then Stagefright (1981), a very experimental essay. So it alternates, part of it just to make it interesting for myself. I keep feeling like I got to shuffle the deck, because otherwise I’d get bored. I’m always mentally or literally working on two or three things simultaneously: films, plus painting, plus whatever it is I can manage to do and. Teresa (my wife) can’t understand how I can juggle all of these things-she has to sit there and say, “Okay, I’m going to think about ‘X’ for the next year and a half and do that.” I’m just the opposite. I don’t have that capacity to concentrate on one thing-to keep it interesting for me, I have to do a bunch of things at the same time, otherwise I get bored.

The other question I have deals with the fact that most people who have economic concerns as artists usually turn to video pretty quickly, but you’ve only done this very recently. And, at least as far as I know, you’ve embraced digital video in a big way. But before this did you have a kind of repulsion to the video image that so many people have?

JJ: I didn’t have a repulsion, or I didn’t think I did. On Plain Talk & Common Sense (1987, shown at YIDFF ’89), for example, there is a kind of raggedy sequence of multiple video screens, which was just a cheap way to get multiple images that I could do at the time. I had a VHS camera at the time that I took around America when I was filming. I didn’t shoot much with it, I confess. I got Hi-8 cameras more or less as soon as they came out and had very much the same idea that some people did. George Kuchar made these all in-camera edited things because you have insert editing, and I had exactly the same idea, though a completely different approach. I find his approach much more interesting than mine was.

We showed Cult of the Cubicles at the last Festival.

JJ: I like his stuff. I particularly like one called Weather Diary-it’s like a 90-minute thing completely done in-camera. It’s a stunningly beautiful piece of work. Vulgar, as usual for him, but . . .

Toilets, Godzillas, and toenails.

JJ: But a lovely piece and with a completely different mentality than mine. Mine was “Okay, now you can do this”; it was like I was reverting to the way I started making sound films. It was like, we program very clearly what we want; we have a little latitude about when to cut in and cut out and we can go drop something in the middle. But I never made anything. I’ve had four Hi-8 cameras and I more or less gave them all away to people, to filmmakers who could no longer afford to make films but whose work I liked. I would end up giving them a Hi-8 camera preaching how good it was and get them to try it out. To my knowledge it didn’t succeed. It sort of succeeded with one but her camera got stolen about four months ago. She had it for a number of years and she did thank me for getting her her eyes back. She is very poor and she hadn’t shot something for some time and I gave her the camera; she has nice vision of some things and she did a fair amount of footage.

While I had these cameras I shot a little bit, but I never seemed to be able to concentrate. I convinced myself that the problem was that I was so habituated to the economic clip of filmmaking that when it wasn’t super costly, my brain took a walk. So I was convinced that the reason I couldn’t really do something on the Hi-8 was because I’m not worried about spending money.

Interesting.

JJ: Well, that was the logic I had and I promise you that I was 100 percent convinced that this was the explanation. I would tell my friends how good Hi-8 was and I was proselytizing for Hi-8 for the reason that you could blow it up to 35mm if you want and it looks good-which it does. But since I never did anything with it, I constructed this rationale that said I don’t like what I’m doing with it because I’m not working hard on it.

And then DV came out. Well, DV tape cost marginally more than Hi-8 tape, but not much, and all of a sudden I’m going, “Wow.” Obviously I didn’t think Hi-8 looked as good as it should. You know, the quantum jump from Hi-8 or even better forms of video to digital video is so big. That’s why I don’t like it when people here say about London Brief, “You have this video.” I cringe, not because I have something against video, but because I would much rather say, “I see you did a new digital piece.” I would like to get rid of this because when people think video, they think a particular look, either a raggedy, horrible VHS or equivalent look from an artsy angle or the Betacam, normal TV sterile look. As far as I’m concerned, digital video just doesn’t look like that. I don’t like to have this sort of albatross of the word “video” stuck on it because people have an instant pre-conception.

Sounds like a repulsion to video to me.

JJ: Well, no, I don’t mind video. Well, frankly, let’s put it this way. It isn’t that I don’t like video for aesthetic qualities. What I don’t like about most video is that I don’t think much of it is very good. Because video is relatively cheap, it isn’t punishing from a financial standpoint, and thus it doesn’t squeeze out people who are no good. Basically it is that brutal. And so you get an awful lot of bad video. I’m not interested in wading through a hundred hours of bad video to see one good hour, and that’s really the kind of ratio you get when you hit video. With film, it’s more like twenty hours to get one good hour. The ratio is pretty different. And lots of it is because video is more accessible for financial reasons. Therefore you get people sticking around in it and getting away with it for a long time. I could name a few right here. Ricky Leacock for example. He doesn’t have an eye, you know. He’s been proselytizing for Hi-8 for a long time. Trouble is I’m not interested in looking at pictures of his friends, of completely mundane images. It’s like the democratic idea that since pencils are cheap, everybody can write. But not everybody is a good writer. Frankly, I’m not interested in reading bad writing, I’m interested in reading the good writing.

I’m not sure I buy your ratios. There are certainly a lot of bad films.

JJ: I agree. But I think just for pure economic reasons, you can make a bad video for twenty dollars. You cannot make a bad movie for twenty dollars. I mean a bad, feature-length-type movie. If you make one or two bad movies, you’ll get tired of spending your own money and getting no reward for it. Or other people will say, “We gave you money once, we gave you money twice, and you gave us a piece of shit once, you gave us a piece of shit twice. And we’re not going to give you any more money.”

I’ve been on the festival circuit for years and the hot kids of 1970, 1980, 1985, and 1990 are usually around for three years and I never see them again. Because maybe they made one interesting quirk film and then that was it. Festivals show lots of bad films: the kid went through the festival circuit this year and then you never see him again because he made another bad film and nobody is interested. There’s always a new kid coming up. You never see them because they don’t do it again: the reward didn’t work. I think the people who hang on in the film world are much more restricted; it’s more punishing because of the money and because it’s literally far more complicated and cumbersome to do film.

Any kind of film is complicated while you can easily tape.

JJ: Right. With film, you’ve got to buy the film, you’ve got to put it in the camera, you’ve got to shoot, you’ve got to carefully take it to the lab and hope they don’t fuck up, and you’ve got to get it back. And you have to have a support apparatus even if it works. It’s punishing if it isn’t rewarding. Whereas, you know, with video, you’ve got your sound and you’ve got your picture for the price of pushing a button.

You know, I like the fact that you brought up Kuchar because I think what’s really special about him is that he’s the person using Hi-8 who has really figured out what it’s all about. And you can tell it in his work. Everything he does with it is so specific to Hi-8 and not any other medium. It’s just spectacular. So, now you’re making a distinction here between Hi-8 and digital video. What do you see that is specific about digital, especially the way you’ve used it?

JJ: Oh, image and sound quality.

 

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19 of Jon Jost’s 51 films

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City (1964)
‘This was my 4th film, shot while waiting to go to prison for refusing to serve in the US military. Silent. B&W. I think it captures the sense of depression, of loneliness within the city. Looking back it seems almost archaic, Chicago as some kind of East Bloc country in Soviet times.’ — Jon Jost


the entire film

 

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Speaking Directly (1973)
‘Jon Jost’s SPEAKING DIRECTLY is a feature length autobiographical essay or, as the title indicates, cinematographic notes giving a personal and political reflection on contemporary U.S. life. In particular, Jost examines the relations between our personal lives, U.S. international politics, the media, modes of discourse, and our relation to our geography, our towns and landscape. The film is divided into two major sections: I-THEY and I-YOU. In the I-THEY half, Jost traces out his and our individual connection to the externals of U.S. life. He traces the geography that impinges on us—Jost’s rural Oregon and Vietnam. He examines the concept of home—both one’s house and the United States as a whole. And he traces the connections between oneself and the people one knows directly and indirectly—Jost’s personal acquaintances, and Kissinger and Nixon. We see the “there” of Vietnam, the artifacts of U.S. culture, Nixon and Kissinger, and U.S. economics and imperialism in images which make us question the media representation of these aspects of our lives, realities which our society makes it so hard to grasp directly. Jost contrasts one’s experience of reality with the reified media version of it. Where SPEAKING DIRECTLY works the best, we not only criticize the media versions but also question our and others experiences.’ — Julia Lesage, Jump Cut


Trailer

 

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Angel City (1977)
‘Jost’s outsider is Frank Goya, a guy with a red shirt, a far-fucking-out-in-the-morning-man delivery, and a fist full of Polaroid snapshots. Ever-cool Goya peers into the camera, announces that he’s a motel-haunting divorce-dick and from then on Angel City is kabuki Raymond Chandler. Hired by the chairman of the world’s largest multi-national conglomerate to investigate the death of his wife (a former Plaything centerfold who only “came after you hit her”), Goya drives around LA, interviews a bartender, is seduced by the chairman’s mistress, solves the case, and gets beat up for his bother.’ — J. Hoberman, Village Voice

Watch the film here

 

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Last Chants for a Slow Dance (1977)
‘If Jon Jost’s direction was the stuff of genius, then Tom Blair’s performance as Tom Bates was the stuff of legend. He encapsulated the kind of brutal, honest naturalism that John Cassavetes spent decades trying to coax out of actors like Gena Rowlands and Peter Falk. Blair manages to change emotions from one extreme to another with a swiftness that would have seemed robotic or artificial from another, lesser actor. The fact that these violent mood swings are almost always captured in unbroken long takes gives him an almost sinister presence that spreads unease over the audience. We slowly become morbidly curious of just how far gone Tom Bates might really be.

‘Jon Jost’s Last Chants for a Slow Dance is a fascinating film which seems to stylistically predict the works of Béla Tarr and Jim Jarmusch. Without relying on the over-abused metaphor of the Death of the American Dream, suffice it to say that Jost’s film is a scathing rebuke of traditional American machismo and individualism. Tom Bates is no John Wayne, no Clint Eastwood, no Marlboro Man. He inhabits two wastelands: the plains of Montana and the killing fields of his inner psyche. Is it any wonder that the film ends in violence? Jost wisely realized that Tom Bates’ story could not end any other way.’ — Nathanael Hood


Trailer


the entire film

 

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Godard 1980 (1980)
‘The famous French film director Jean-Luc Godard is interviewed by British film theorist Peter Wollen and the editor of Framework Don Ranveaud. He talks of the developments in his work, the change in style epitomized by his most recent film, Sauve Qui Peut, his work with Francis Ford Coppola and the relations between his previous films and the new one. He also discusses his radical method of scriptwriting and the critical responses to his latest film.’ — Gul’monica


the entire film

 

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Slow Moves (1983)
‘Fascinating, oddly gripping and often visually stunning. It’s not unlike a Peter Greenaway mystery translated to the dry dusty heartlands of Malick’s Badlands, although here the emphasis is on spiritual paralysis rather than Greenaway’s elegant intellectual conceits. Written backwards from its explosive end, the real Slow Moves doesn’t actually start until you’re leaving the cinema.’ — John Gill, Time Out, London


Trailer


Excerpt


the entire film

 

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Rembrandt Laughing (1989)
‘This film is a portrait of the passage of one year in the lives of some San Francisco friends, circa 1988 (before the dot.coming of the city), a slow marijuana hazed story which drifts like the fabled fog, encompassing the quirks and habits of a generation that made the city theirs, if only for a while. Very obliquely Rembrandt Laughing sketches the time and place, encompassing the AIDS epidemic, the casual sexual revolution, the debris of ’68 lingering in the air. A quiet, very San Francisco comedy of life among a small group of friends. Rembrandt Laughing was improvised over the period of about a month by Jost and his friends, mostly acting non-professionals.’ — JJ


Trailer

 

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Sure Fire (1990)
‘With David Lynch and Gus Van Sant, Jon Jost is one of the three great U.S. filmmakers currently working. This stunning film, about two interlocking families, marshals an array of avant-garde techniques to convey the inner turmoils of its characters. (More than any other American filmmaker, Jost refutes the idea that interiority is off-limits to cinema.) Yet, Jost also brings documentary realism to Sure Fire. It’s a visionary work that fashions a metaphor for American dismay and desolation out of what may seem initially an unhappy case far afield from our own (presumably) solid, secure lives.’ — Dennis Grunes


Excerpt


the entire film

 

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All the Vermeers in New York (1990)
‘The woman pauses before a painting by Vermeer, and looks closely at it – she seems ready almost to disappear into it. The man observes her. He follows her from one room in the museum to another. Then back again. It is a quiet, subtle chase something like the long opening sequence of Brian De Palma’s Dressed to Kill, but this is not a thriller, it’s a strange, introspective cat-and-mouse game by Jon Jost, whose All the Vermeers in New York is the kind of film you have to think and think about, and then finally you realize you admire it. Jon Jost has been making films since 1974, at first with the anti-war collective Newsreel. I’ve seen only a few of his films, and thought of him as an “underground” filmmaker, if that word still has any meaning. But this film, beautifully photographed and acted with calm grace, is frankly aimed at the commercial theatrical market; in approach and subject matter, he falls somewhere between Woody Allen’s non-comedies and Eric Rohmer.’ — Roger Ebert


Trailer


Excerpt & interview with Jon Jost

 

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The Bed You Sleep In (1993)
‘Created by one of America’s most prominent independent filmmakers, THE BED YOU SLEEP IN is an unforgettable, beautifully structured and exquisitely photographed epic tragedy set in a small lumber town in Oregon. Ray (Tom Blair), a struggling lumber mill owner, and his wife Jean (Ellen McLaughlin) receive a letter from their daughter at college accusing Ray of shocking sexual abuses. As the family is torn apart by surfacing secrets and lies, the cataclysm echoes throughout the community and ultimately reveals the apocalyptic betrayal of America.’ — Fandor


Excerpt


Excerpt

 

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Frameup (1993)
‘Ricky, a dim-witted ex-con, meets Beth, a dim-witted waitress, in an Idaho diner. They take off in his car to Washington and begin an affair. Beth, a lonely romance-novel addict, is hopelessly enamored; Ricky is just in it for the (constant) sex. Beth’s longing to visit California and Ricky’s longing for quick cash leads them into a desperate situation. Director Jost uses a variety of avant-garde visual and narrative techniques, such as montage, collages, split screens and lengthy, tongue-in-cheek monologues to tell the tragicomic story of two complete losers in love.’ — Letterboxd


Two shots


the entire film

 

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6 Easy Pieces (2000)
6 Easy Pieces is a compilation of shots and sequences made over the period 1996 – 1999, which seemed to find themselves draw together by a kind of gravitational attraction. The work is intended as a kind of sampler of the potential aesthetic range of DV and consumer-level NLE systems, though, of course, it is not merely a technical or aesthetic demonstration. It is also a commentary on contemporary arts, past history, creative energies, society, and, shall we say, a grab-bag of the author’s interests, from social observations to the usage of symmetry in religious architecture and music. The work was, more so than the two previous works done in DV, a deeper exploration into the shifts which digital media provoke – not only aesthetically, but, owing to the radically altered financial aspect, to the mode of working and thinking itself. I did not intend to make 6 Easy Pieces: not one shot was made with any intention of using it in a film or with an a priori idea. Rather they were made in process of experimenting with the medium, and it was only after they had been made, and were sitting in the back shelf of my mind that that found a connection and meaning for themselves. This mode of working and of approaching “work” has been for me invigorating creatively and, if you will, spiritually.’ — JJ


Trailer

 

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Parable (2008)
‘Jon Jost’s films have always tended toward parable. Now this is the case again with Parable, the jewel of his Fuck Bush (He Fucked Us) Trilogy. (This overarching title is mine.) Homecoming (2004) homed in on the aftermath of a returning dead soldier; Over Here (2007), of a returning living soldier. Now Jost turns to the Bush-Cheney & Co. assault on individual rights and freedom, its devastation of these, and the linkage between this war at home, on the American citizenry, with the illusory nature of American hopes and promises predating Bush 43. Jost’s parable is a perfect one: crystal-clear, yet elusive, mysterious, irreducible, unfathomable. It was videographed in Lincoln in, as Jost puts it, “the Time of Bush.”’ — Dennis Grunes


Trailer

 

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Amtrak (2009)
‘In October 2008, Jon Jost is standing with his camera in the waiting area of ​​a train station in the USA, filming the other travelers: a mother with a child, the cleaning service, businesspeople on the phone, the conductor who falls in love and says goodbye to his wife. Finally he gets on the train himself and points the camera out of the window at the passing towns, the landscape and the clouds in the evening sky. A benevolent look at America—in the middle of the global economic crisis.’ — zen xiu

Watch the film here

 

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Coming to Terms (2013)
‘In 2013, Jon Jost had been active for 50 years as a filmmaker. This led him to wonder whether there had been any point in it all, and Coming to Terms is the indirect answer to that question. An old man (filmmaker James Benning) calls his broken family back together: his two sons with whom he hasn’t spoken for years, as he was unable to accept their choices in life, and their two mothers. While the sons and mothers wonder why they have been called together, the father prepares for their arrival. Jost throws off traditional narrative conventions in order to penetrate to the emotional core of this meditation on death. The conversations between the family members, reproduced in unusual digital compositions, are juxtaposed with tranquil, deserted shots of houses and streets in an undefined American city. It gives the film a grand allure and ensures that the story is implicitly about the greater American family.’ — Rotterdam Film Festival


Trailer

 

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Bowman Lake (2014)
Bowman Lake is a single image film of Bowman Lake, sunrise to sunset.’ — letterboxd


Trailer

 

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Pequenos Milagres (2019)
‘A devastating personal video essay that looks back on three years in Jost’s life when he began experimenting with digital video (I’ve never related more to his statement that when he first picked up a DV camera he very immediately moved on from celluloid film permanently) and more importantly the three years he spent raising his daughter Clara who was kidnapped from him by her mother. Much of the footage is in Portugal and Italy, with glimpses of London, Scotland, and Japan. There’s a great deal of narration this time around that adds a lot of emotion to these images from the past that Jost is featuring in a film released decades after much of this was taken.

‘There’s not a whole lot for me to expand upon as much of Jost’s aesthetic that was utilized in some of the other electronic works I’ve seen and reviewed is applied here. It’s really a depiction of the feelings and emotions behind loss and grief making this likely the most emotional of his films I’ve seen. It’s highlighted by the long unbroken takes of him fathering his daughter and the sweetness of much of what’s seen in a great deal of the film of course heightened by his electronic collage-like style. My favorite image is a selection of videos of Clara as a baby in various places and poses displayed over a gray digitized image that resembles rumbling water. It’s an exemplar of the great job Jost does of mixing and resynthesizing home movies to a poetic effect. It ends with two scenes, a direct address to the camera from him in the present day that bluntly states how he’s been unable to see his daughter as she’s been kept from him by her mother for almost two decades, and footage of him holding her right after her birth. It’s one of the more honest and personal attempts to reckon with grief I’ve seen in movie form, that really speaks for itself, and I’ll be thinking about it for a long time.’ — Daniel Moore

Watch the film here

 

_____________
Up on the Mountain (2021)
Directed & sung by Jon Jost


the entire film

 

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I AM NOT THE RIVER JHELUM (2024)
‘A mixed drama/documentary essay film set in Kashmir, poetically evoking the realities facing people in the midst of the political crisis with Delhi.’ — IMDb


Trailer

 

 

*

p.s. Hey. ** jay, Gosh, very happy to have had an impact on what you shelve. Curious structure in that yaoi game. Very head scratching/inspiring and likeable. Happy weekend. I hope it matters. ** Misanthrope, Don’t we almost all, man. I’m curious about the Minecraft movie or rather interested to fill in the big, surrounding phenomenon’s blank with knowledge of the thing itself, but it’ll take me a long plane flight for sure to solve that mystery. David needs a dominatrix. ** _Black_Acrylic, Hi, B. Pynchon of course was the other author the cool dudes carried around in book form in my high school days. And Vonnegut. Sort out that tonearm. Surely, there’s a way. ** Steeqhen, The Lynch sounds too content-heavy for me, I think. Needing to pee every 20 minutes is probably worth it? Luck in triplicate. ** James Bennett, My main association with colored text is concrete poetry’s aspiration to be both poetry and graphic design simultaneously. I like Faulkner, I think he’s great, of course, but I haven’t read him in ages, and he’s never been a foundational writer for me, but that’s only the fault of my particular talent and skewed writerly goals. You big into him? I’ll see if ‘TotH’ is seeable. Today I’m going to see the new Albert Serra film, an apparently very unusual documentary about bullfighting called ‘Afternoons of Solitude’. We’ll see. And hanging out with a visiting friend, the excellent fiction writer Maryse Meier. And ideally getting feedback from Zac on my latest draft of the script of our next film. And so on. I never fully know what Spanish food means. I know it’s not Mexican food. I think I assume Spanish food is pretty meat-centric so I have avoided it. But perhaps I’m wrong? Anyway, free food! Find your inner squirrel. ** Dominik, Hi!!! Hm, interesting, yeah, ridding oneself of a thing that has a face does seem hard. Humans can be so sweet. Favorite Pop Tarts, whoa. Okay, let’s see, I would say, hm, … Frosted Brown Sugar Cinnamon, Frosted Confetti Cupcake, and Unfrosted Blueberry. You ever eat those things? My weekend I just sort of tried to describe to James B just above us. Your weekend sounds very cozy and nice, awww. See you back here come Monday. Your love’s mood of yesterday was relatable even though my hoity-toity side tells me, ‘No, you’re not’. Love deciding the British 1 pound coin is the greatest coin in the world aesthetically speaking, G. ** Poecilia, Hi. Oh, thank you for asking, but I fear it’s too long ago and my process was super complicated and I would have to refer back to my notes and graphs which are far away in the NYU Library. I can tell you that the sigil sort of worked in a weird way. I don’t have any real life superstitions that I believe in as far as I know. So I guess the occult is just a resource for my art making, yeah. But I guess believing in ‘true love’ is kind of a superstition, isn’t it? I don’t know. I’m assuming you have real personal occult beliefs? Care to say what and how? I’m curious. ** Jules, Hi, Jules. Wow, that’s hilarious that your dad is the living embodiment of my memory and possibly someone I could have been buds with back when if he was a little older. What’s this theater show you’re putting up? You’re also a writer of novels and a choreographer? That’s amazing. I would guess NYC is an ideal place for you, no? Where were you before then? That’s funny, someone just wrote to me about that ‘Sluts’ discussion at KGB. They wanted me to come to it, but I’m in Paris, so I can’t obviously, but that’s awfully good of them and you to talk about my tome. Yes, things proceed with Room Temperature’ ,or we’re working hard to give it a good life, including trying to figure where and when to show it in NYC, so I’ll let you know. Thanks! It’s a true pleasure to start to get know you and yours. Fine weekend! ** Carsten, I’ll probably be here in late August but probably very sweaty. We shot the film in Yucca Valley, or, more specifically, in Flamingo Heights, which is a little section of Yucca Valley. Near Joshua Tree. I am still smoking, yes, and I have no plans to stop doing so, knock on wood. I would love a guest day on ethnopoetics if you feel like doing that, of course! Thank you for wanting to. Have a happy weekend or as close to happy as the current world can allow. ** scunnard, Right, good, it starts! Everyone, scunnard, who is better known to the world at large as the superb writer/artist Jared Pappas-Kelley, is co-founding a very worthy project in Canterbury, Kent, UK and hoping for some funding support, whether little or big, and I want to urge you to support him/it if you can. Here’s a short description of the project: ‘Pup and Tiger is more than just a café, it’s a dream brought to life by two passionate creators, Jared Pappas-Kelley and Ash Sweeney. As proud members of the LGBTQ+ community, we’ve always envisioned creating a space that not only exhibits exciting contemporary art and serves incredible coffee but also serves a larger purpose: bringing people together. Our mission is to foster a community where connection, creativity, and inclusivity can thrive.’ Go here to learn more and help. Please do. Great, man. I’ll support as best I can asap. Paris is good, Paris is Paris. ** catachrestic, Hey Yeah, Barth worked with the classics in his fiction a lot. That’s a distinguishing property of much of his work. No, I’m borderline sure those screenplays are best yellowing in a file folder. No, I’m not familiar, or just very superficially maybe. Yeah, but, dramatically purple prose is not really something I’m drawn to, truth be told. As much as I owe Sade, I always skim him. Unless Firbank’s purple counts. Tocqueville’s castle has an allure. Ah, and it’s near Cherbourg where we shot ‘PGL’. Wait, we might even have shot one of the scenes on that castle’s grounds. Huh, I’ll ask Zac. We did shoot the last scenes in the outer reaches of some giant estate. Looks familiar. Apropos of almost nothing, I went to PCC at the same time as David Lee Roth, and he was kind of the campus joke flouncing around in his scarves and shiny pants and dramatically exposed chest, but then Van Halen got famous, and we all had to eat crow. I can’t tell you the intent of the sigil because that would kill the sigil’s supposed power to enact itself. ** Steve, The Christian Death song is called ‘Dogs’. Hope you felt better by yesterday eve. Okay, I’ll check out the second album, although Thomas plus Henry Cow is a pretty intriguing idea too. ** Thomas H., Hey. I only read at home. On trains too sometimes. But not on the metro. I like to study people too much. I thought it was cool that Christian Death stole my poem. The song is … not really my thing, but I guess it does its job. Monday is your elections? That’s scary. I trust and hope that the seemingly most acceptable of the bunch wins. ** HaRpEr, You know that book, cool! Have you read ‘Chimera’? I remember thinking that was his most fucked up and therefore possibly most interesting novel. I sort of vaguely remember a point when it seemed like lots of people were carrying around copies of ‘A Little Life’, but I personally don’t think that made them seem cool. No, it’s very hard to imagine a ‘Gravity’s Rainbow’ being published by a major press. Franzen is not remotely an equivalent. It wasn’t that long ago when William Vollman was getting giant, complicated novels published by major houses, but even that seems far away. Congrats on getting the assigned poem finished in time. I can’t imagine doing that. I did used to write journalism on tight schedules, but that seems different somehow. ** Nicholas., I can’t tell yet about the deep dish pizza. The online photos aren’t very helpful. I assume it’s an attempted replication of Chicago style, but the French aren’t great at replicating foreign cuisines. You should try eating what they call muffins. I avoid my birthday as much as possible, so I am the last person to offer recommendations unless you want to ignore it. 27, good age. You have so many years left. Everyone. Nicholas. has launched a most interesting project called Closed Practice that now has a thorough online presence that will help you understand the project and even proceed apace therein perhaps. Go here to begin your immersion. The sigil has kind of worked but not in the way I had anticipated. ** Corey, Hi! I think contracting and focusing is a good idea, speaking for myself. I mean I do all kinds of things but only one at a time for the most part. ** Right. I’ve restored an old Day about the great and greatly undervalued American filmmaker Jon Jost for you this weekend. Perhaps you know his films or one or two of them? Or not? His film ‘Sure Fire’ is in my all-time favorite films list. Anyway, I recommend that you use this occasion to get some knowledge and even experience of his work under your belts. See you on Monday.

Spotlight on … John Barth The Sot-Weed Factor (1961)

 

‘Some of the chiefest pleasures in a lifetime of reading fiction are those moments when you stumble upon a gem of a book you somehow missed. This happens more often than we might care to admit because reading fiction is a lot like its distant cousin, the acquisition of knowledge: the more you do it, the less of it you seem to have done. There’s no shame in this. Lacunae are inevitable for even the most voracious and catholic of readers. The consolation is that the deeper you go into your life and your reading, the more precious the long-overlooked gems become once you finally unearth them.

‘All this came to mind recently when I picked up a novel I’d been meaning to read for many years, John Barth’s The Sot-Weed Factor. Reading the opening words was like touching a live wire: “In the last years of the Seventeenth Century there was to be found among the fops and fools of the London coffee-houses one rangy, gangling flitch called Ebenezer Cooke…”

‘I was instantly transported to another time and place, as much by the music of Barth’s language – fops, fools, flitch – as by his characters and story, which were at once fantastical, venal, ribald, preposterous, plausible and flat-out hilarious. Usually a slow reader, I galloped through the 755 pages, mystified by the criticism I’d heard over the years that Barth was a difficult and needlessly long-winded writer. Here was a masterly act of authorial ventriloquism, a vivid recreation of the cadences and vocabulary, the mind-set and mores (or lack thereof) of English colonists in America’s mid-Atlantic region in the late 1600’s, when tobacco was known as sot-weed and those who sold it were known as factors. One such man is Barth’s protagonist, Ebenezer Cooke, a feckless London poet in love with his own virginity and virtue, a dewy-eyed innocent who is sent to the cut-throat Eastern Shore of Maryland to tend to his father’s tobacco holdings and, in the bargain, write an epic poem about the place. Ebenezer describes himself as “a morsel for the wide world’s lions.” What a gorgeous set-up for a satire.

‘It was only after finishing the novel that I went back and read Barth’s foreword, which he wrote in 1987 for the release of a new, slightly shortened Anchor Books edition. From the foreword I learned that The Sot-Weed Factor was originally published in the summer of 1960, when Barth was just 30, exactly 50 years before I finally came to it. I also learned that the novel sprang from an actual satirical poem of the same title published in 1706 by an actual man named Ebenezer Cooke. Much more interesting, I learned that this was Barth’s third novel, and he originally envisioned it as the final piece of a “nihilist trilogy.” But the act of writing the novel taught the novelist something: “I came to understand that innocence, not nihilism, was my real theme, and had been all along, though I’d been too innocent myself to realize that fact.”

‘This realization led Barth to a far richer one: “I came better to appreciate what I have called the ‘tragic view’ of innocence: that it is, or can become, dangerous, even culpable; that where it is prolonged or artificially sustained, it becomes arrested development, potentially disastrous to the innocent himself and to bystanders innocent and otherwise; that what is to be valued, in nations as well as in individuals, is not innocence but wise experience.”

‘The dangers of innocence versus the value of wise experience. Here, surely, is a rich theme for any American novelist trying to capture the impulses and foibles and follies of a nation convinced of its own righteousness – in love with its own virtue and virginity, if you will – a nation that historically has had little use for history and therefore has spent several centuries blundering its way, usually uninvited and ill-informed, into the affairs of other nations, beginning with the settlements of native Americans and moving on to the Philippines, Mexico, Guatemala, Iran, Cuba, Chile, Vietnam, Cambodia and, now, Iraq and Afghanistan.

‘Perhaps no other novelist has explored Barth’s theme more surgically than Graham Greene did in The Quiet American. Published at that fateful moment in the mid-1950s when the French disaster in Indo-China was giving way to the blooming American nightmare in Vietnam, Greene’s novel tells the story of a world-weary British war correspondent named Thomas Fowler who can’t hide his loathing for all the noisy, idealistic Americans suddenly popping up in Saigon. He reserves special contempt for an American innocent named Alden Pyle, some sort of foreign-aid operative who shows up on Rue Catinat with a head full of half-baked theories and a heart full of good intentions. Fowler, despite himself, begins to feel protective toward Pyle. He muses, too late, that he should have known better: “Innocence always calls mutely for protection when we would be so much wiser to guard ourselves against it: innocence is like a dumb leper who has lost his bell, wandering the world, meaning no harm.”

‘And therefore, of course, causing all natures of harm to himself and to bystanders, innocent and otherwise. Alden Pyle is the title character of the novel, and a perfect title it is – because you can’t get any more quiet than dead.

‘While Greene set out to illuminate the dangers of innocence in The Quiet American, Barth chose to mine its comic potential in The Sot-Weed Factor. And so innocent Ebenezer gets captured by rapacious pirates (twice) and murderous Indians, swindled, stripped of his clothing and his name and his estate – only to wind up with his virtue, if not his virginity, intact. His epic poem even becomes a hit. It’s one of the funniest, raunchiest, wisest books I’ve ever read.’ — Bill Morris, The Rumpus

 

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Further

The John Barth Information Center
John Barth, The Art of Fiction No. 86
John Barth @ goodreads
‘The Case for John Barth’
‘The Literature of Exhaustion’, by John Barth
re: ‘The Literature of Exhaustion’
‘Do I Repeat Myself?’, by John Barth
‘The Meaning of Death: John Barth’s “Every Third Thought”‘, by James Greer
‘He’s showboating again…’
‘John Barth’s Long Road’
Audio: Interview with John Barth @ Wired for Books
John Barth @ Dalkey Archive
‘When Updike Met Barth’
‘Paradox of Origin(ality): John Barth’s ‘Menelaiad.”
‘John Barth: Art of the Story’
‘John Barth and Postmodernism: Spatiality, Travel, Montage’
‘LATER JOHN BARTH: THE WRONG PEAK, THE REACH FOR MAGIC, THE FEMINIST ARGUMENT’
‘The Anti-Novels of John Barth’
‘Steven Soderbergh’s 12-hour John Barth adaptation, via James Greer’
‘Home Pages’
‘The Longest Shortest Story Ever Told’
‘JOHN BARTH’S LITERARY LEGERDEMAIN’
‘The Anxiety of Influence: The John Barth/David Foster Wallace Connection’
‘John Barth on Calvino and Borges’
‘Barth and Nabokov: Come to the Funhouse, Lolita’
‘Great but Forgotten: John Barth’
‘What Happened to John Barth?’
Buy ‘The Sot-Weed Factor’

 

___
Extras


A Conversation with John Barth and Michael Silverblatt


John Barth, Reading, 25 April 2001


John Barth Day in Cambridge


John Barth Reading at Texas State


Aram Avakian ‘End of the Road’ (1970), based on John Barth’s novel

 

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Double or Nothing by Raymond Federman with autograph corrections by John Barth

 

_____
Interview

 

Q. After reading your work, I have the impression that there are four characters that keep reappearing all the time: Odysseus, Scheherazade, Don Quixote and Huckleberry Finn. And I think you said in “The Limits of Imagination” that you considered these four characters to be the four compass points of your narrative imagination. Could you explain what you mean by that and what is the cause of your admiration for these four literary figures?

JOHN BARTH. You will agree that except for Scheherazade, who comes in into several works, (Scheherazade is with me all the time) the other ones, Odysseus, Don Quixote and Huckleberry Finn, they do not appear literally very often in any of the works. And yet, they are the four points in my literary imagination. They are the four deities in my pantheon. There is really no fifth, no other. If you say, if it is your impression, that they, or surrogates for them, appear in some of the novels, this doesn’t surprise me, and it does interest me.

For me, as I wrote in “The Limits of Imagination”, the images of Odysseus traveling back home, of Scheherazade telling stories to the king to save her neck, of Don Quixote and Santo Panzer wandering through La Manchu or Huckleberry Finn in the Mississippi, are far more powerful than the works that contain them. They have become transcendental icons. This, I guess, is what Leslie Fiedler meant when he said that what stays with you of a work when you have forgotten all the words, indicates its mythopoetic quality.

Q. And one of the images that you have retained from The
Odyssey
is that of Odysseus striving homeward, right? An image that has appeared frequently in your work, 1 think. But, why Odysseus? Are you interested in him because of your well-known fascination with navigation? Is it for your interest in wandering myths? How do you read him in The Odyssey, as someone who is eager to go home, back to his loving wife or, on the contrary, as Dante does in the Divine Comedy, as someone eager to travel and to have more knowledge, an adventurer? Or, rather, as both?

JB. Well, obviously his official motivation is to get home, his official motivation. In one respect, Aeneas is more interesting because Odysseus knows where he has to go: he has to go back to Ithaca, whereas Aeneas has to make his way as he goes. Aeneas has to invent his destination, he has to find it, as well as get there. But is Odysseus really eager to go home? I am reminded of the Spanish proverb in Don Quixote that the road is better than the end, and we know, of course, that he wants to go home, but it takes him a very long time, many years with Circe and so on. It is not like Aeneas with Dido, when the gods have to remind him that he has to go back home: “Come on, come on, there are things to do, let’s get out of here”. Nobody pushes Odysseus. It is as if destination is destiny. He forgets now and then, not where he is supposed to go, but that he should get along and leave. He has to be reminded not of his identity, but of his identity in the sense that Odysseus is “the one who is supposed to be going home to Ithaca”. Nobody can surpass Homer in this last scene when after many years he reaches Ithaca, not by any effort of his own, but in his sleep, as if in a dream. Then the other work starts.

Now, for parallel situations in my work. I don’t think they appear in The Floating Opera or The End of the Road, but we could say that it starts with The Sot-Weed Factor, because of the difficult voyage and the search for his [the protagonist’s: Ebenezer Cook] real identity. He is officially a poet, but he isn’t a poet. He has to learn it the hard way: he has to learn how to become a poet, and his voyage is one full of tríbulations. It is a literal voyage, but it is also a figurative voyage. Like Odysseus, and like the traditional mythical wandering heroes, he has to lose everything, including his identity, in order to arrive to his real destination. In Giles Goat Boy, this becomes much more problematic. In fact, Cristina, as you may know, it was some book-reviewer, some critic writing about The Sot-Weed Factor, who said that the author had clearly been heavily influenced by Joseph Campbell’s book The Hero with a Thousand Faces. And I had not read it!!!! Then I went on and read it. This introduces the problem of self-consciousness; of handling that material once that you know that this is mythical material. Then I approached it without the innocence that I had in The Sot-Weed Factor, where I had a quite innocent approach: I wasn’t even aware of Odysseus, Joseph Campbell, or a wandering hero.

That interested me, because that’s where a kind of postmodemism begins to enter the room. It was interesting to recycle that material again in Giles Goat Boy in a perfectly self-conscious way, and see whether it still could be made in a sufficiently reliable way. Borges would not approve that. 1 spoke to Borges, he had not read any of my novels; 1 didn’t expect him to read any of my novels. He didn’t like to read novels. Giles Goat Boy is, as you may know, my least favorite novel, but I would agree with Borges that it is a novel that would be better to talk about in ten minutes of conversation than write a story with footnotes to it. Then in the subsequent books the myth appears more recurrently.

Q. You even have an Odysseus character that appears in The Tidewater Tales.

JB. Yes, I figured that it was time, that after all these surrogates for him, why don’t 1 bring the chap on stage? 1 did the same with Scheherazade and Huckleberry Finn, although Huckleberry Finn has been less important for me. He is less rich an archetype for me. Scheherazade is really my favorite one. She is the one who tells the story, and she is as good as her next story is. It is not enough to have told two hundred and thirty seven stories, if she does not tell a good story then her neck….

Q. You seem to be interested in oriental myths, in the roots of storytelling. How about Simbad the Sailor? In the Last Voyage of Somebody the Sailor you seem to combine the myth of Odysseus (the wandering hero) with the Arab tradition of The One Thousand and One Nights.

JB. Well, of course, Simbad is the Arable Odysseus and the parallels are interesting; so are the dissimilarities interesting. What they have in common is that most of the trouble arises not while they are at sea, but, as my Simbad says, “islands is where the trouble is.” On the sea you get sea monsters and you get storms, but it is when you get ashore that the trouble starts. Now, there’s a good analogue with Huckleberry Finn. My problem with Huckleberry Finn is that I grew up in Maryland and my imagination is full of tidewaters, water that comes and goes, and the trouble with the Mississippi as a metaphor is that, like time, it goes only one way, so does Huck. He is always going downstream. There is never any circling back and so forth. For this reason, he is the less interesting mythological figure to me, never mind he is one of the American icons. I mean, he is one of the American essences. Odysseus goes around the Mediterranean, and so does Aeneas, and Simbad wanders all over everywhere off the map, that’s what is interesting, he goes off the chart, but Huckleberry Finn never goes off the chart, it is always the left bank or the right bank of the Mississippi, one channel.

Q. Would you say then that Ambrose in Lost in the Funhouse could function as a surrogate for Huckleberry Finn in the sense that he seems to be going in one direction, searching for his identity (if it can be considered as a künstlerroman). Are they both, as teenagers, discovering their identity and their relation with the extemal world? You have said that Mark Twain’s novel is the very voice of America. Could this also be related to Ambrose’s anagnorisis in the Funhouse at Ocean City on the Fourth of July?

JB. Well, both have a quality of ingenuousness, a kind of shrewd innocence. Huckleberry Finn is resourceful, but he is unsophisticated. He is utterly, completely unsophisticated. He is in an American Odysseus, in the stereotypical sense of the word. Odysseus is full of stratagems, he is very worldly, he knows how to handle situations and people. Simbad is usually just lucky. He is a canny merchant, but every situation he gets involved in turns out to be a disaster and it’s usually by no virtue of his own that he is helped out of his difficulties, he finds the magic something and he is saved. He is a survivor. What makes Huckleberry Finn so comfortingly American is that, despite his unsophistication, he has a certain sympathy and a sort of shrewd country boy resourcefulness, and finally he will light out for the territory. Of course, the huge difference between him and Scheherazade or Simbad, or Odysseus is that civilization, as he sees it, repels him, it means American nineteenth century close-mindedness.

Q. But he also would like to have a house and a family, don’t you think?

JB. But he wants to light out for the territory, which is the last line of the novel. He says “I’ve been there before” and he does not want to go back. Whereas Odysseus wants to go back to his homeland.

Q. But is that all the truth? Aren’t they also liars in some respect? Both Odysseus and Huckleberry Finn seem to disguise all the time and to lie about their identities. And the same happens to Ambrose and to several of your characters, especially in The Sot-Weed
Factor
and in Chimera, where they have these proteic shape-shifting characters like Burlingame or Polyeidus who keep fooling the protagonists and the readers about their true identity.

JB. Indeed Odysseus and Huckleberry Finn are liars, they have to improvise their identities. Scheherazade is a different cup of tea. Scheherazade does not improvise. She also constructs her identity, but she does that by evoking other worlds, other people. She is a fabricator. She does not fool the king; she does not deceive him in any way, that is, except for her grand stratagem. But she does keep taking him narratively into other identities, into other situations, than the one she and he are in. That is not exactly improvising, but it is a course of action, a distraction. She improvises a relation.

Q. Let’s talk about Scheherazade, a very familiar character for Spanish people as well, although we have a quite different spelling and pronunciation.

JB. Well, in America, we got its pronunciation from the 18th c. French translation. If you get me going for Scheherazade you are going to be here for one thousand and one nights.

Q. And would you think of your character in The Sot-Weed, Ebenezer Cook, as a quixotic character?

JB. Not in the rich sense of the word, not as Cervantes imagined it, but he is certainly innocent. He has a kind of foolish intrepidness, and I suppose that somewhere within himself he realizes he is a fool and that he has been deemed foolish. He has to be a poet, but he knows that he is a fool. He is more innocent even that he thinks he is. Even if he takes that as his guiding principal. It is like saying: you think you are innocent, well, let me show you how innocent you are. The worid has to test him and he has to rub his nose in his innocence. In fact, he has to lose it, in order to accept himself. So, yes, There is something not pseudoquixotic, but cuasiquixotic about Ebenezer Cook. Obviously Quixote is so much a richer figure, he is one that is larger than life, Ebenezer is not.

Q. How about his love for Joan Toast? At the beginning of the novel when he decides she is going to be his Dulcinea, do you think he has the same kind of fixation than Don Quixote has; I mean, never mind that she is a prostitute, he sees her as his lady?

JB. That’s worth saying. It is more an official thing. As with the knights and the ladies: they ought to have a lady. If she is a prostitute, she is not a prostitute somehow, etc, etc. I think it is part of the job. It is one of the prerequisite for the job: you are a poet, you must have a lady.

You see, what I did unintentionally in The Sot-Weed Factor, and self-consciously after that, was to investigate all this mythopoetic character of narration. Something that could be said to start actually with The End of the Road, and the mythotherapy that the doctor prescribes Jacob Homer. I was interested in realizing that the myths really are, especially those wandering heroes, just a kind of apparently exaggerated version of the rite of passage. And everybody’s, every ordinary person’s search for identity.

And yes, there is that other thing that I have been apparently from the beginning very interested in: the process of narration itself. This sounds postmodem, but I think it’s just correct. We cannot Uve, we cannot function without stories: 1 am doing this, and then 1 am going to do that, and if all goes well, then I am going to do that, but if not, then l’ll do that, etc., that’s the way we go through life. And so when I look for the big exemplars or icons for that then these are the famous ones. Surely there are others, but anybody who has Scheherazade, Don Quixote, Odysseus, and maybe Huckleberry Finn, as stars to navigate by can go, 1 think, where he or she wants to go. But remember that 1 have said it before,’ and I want to say it again: one must not confuse the navigation stars with the destination.

 

___
Book

John Barth The Sot-Weed Factor
Anchor

‘Considered by critics to be Barth’s most distinguished masterpiece, The Sot-Weed Factor has acquired the status of a modern classic. Set in the late 1600s, it recounts the wildly chaotic odyssey of hapless, ungainly Ebenezer Cooke, sent to the New World to look after his father’s tobacco business and to record the struggles of the Maryland colony in an epic poem.

‘On his mission, Cooke experiences capture by pirates and Indians; the loss of his father’s estate to roguish impostors; love for a farmer prostitute; stealthy efforts to rob him of his virginity, which he is (almost) determined to protect; and an extraordinary gallery of treacherous characters who continually switch identities. A hilarious, bawdy tribute to all the most insidious human vices, The Sot-Weed Factor has lasting relevance for readers of all times.’ — Anchor Literary Library

 

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Excerpt

i: THE POET IS INTRODUCED, AND DIFFERENTIATED FROM HIS FELLOWS

IN THE LAST YEARS OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY THERE WAS TO BE found among the fops and fools of the London coffee-houses one rangy, gangling flitch called Ebenezer Cooke, more ambitious than talented, and yet more talented than prudent, who, like his friends-in-folly, all of whom were supposed to be educating at Oxford or Cambridge, had found the sound of Mother English more fun to game with than her sense to labor over, and so rather than applying himself to the pains of scholarship, had learned the knack of versifying, and ground out quires of couplets after the fashion of the day, afroth with Joves and Jupiters, aclang with jarring rhymes, and string-taut with similes stretched to the snapping-point.

As poet, this Ebenezer was not better nor worse than his fellows, none of whom left behind him anything nobler than his own posterity; but four things marked him off from them. The first was his appearance: pale-haired and pale-eyed, raw-boned and gaunt-cheeked, he stood nay, angled nine- teen hands high. His clothes were good stuff well tailored, but they hung on his frame like luffed sails on long spars. Heron of a man, lean-limbed and long-billed, he walked and sat with loose-jointed poise; his every stance was angular surprise, his each gesture half flail. Moreover there was a discomposure about his face, as though his features got on ill together: heron’s beak, wolf-hound’s forehead, pointed chin, lantern jaw, wash-blue eyes, and bony blond brows had minds of their own, went their own ways, and took up odd stances. They moved each independent of the rest and fell into new configurations, which often as not had no relation to what one took as his mood of the moment. And these configurations were shortlived, for like restless mallards the features of his face no sooner were settled than ha! they’d be flushed, and hi! how they’d flutter, every man for himself, and no man could say what lay behind them.

The second was his age: whereas most of his accomplices were scarce turned twenty, Ebenezer at the time of this chapter was more nearly thirty, yet not a whit more wise than they, and with six or seven years’ less excuse for sharing their folly.

The third was his origin: Ebenezer was born American, though he’d not seen his birthplace since earliest childhood. His father, Andrew Cooke 2nd, of the Parish of St. Giles in the Fields, County of Middlesex a red-faced, white-chopped, stout-winded old lecher with flinty eye and withered arm had spent his youth in Maryland as agent for a British manufacturer, as had his father before him, and having a sharp eye for goods and a sharper for men, had added to the Cooke estate by the time he was thirty some one thousand acres of good wood and arable land on the Choptank River. The point on which this land lay he called Cooke’s Point, and the small manor-house he built there, Maiden. He married late in life and conceived twin children, Ebenezer and his sister Anna, whose mother (as if such an inordinate casting had cracked the mold) died bearing them. When the twins were but four Andrew returned to England, leaving Maiden in the hands of an overseer, and thenceforth employed himself as a merchant, sending his own factors to the plantations. His affairs prospered, and the children were well provided for.

The fourth thing that distinguished Ebenezer from his coffee-house associates was his manner: though not one of them was blessed with more talent than he needed, all of Ebenezer’s friends put on great airs when together, declaiming their verses, denigrating all the well-known poets of their time (and any members of their own circle who happened to be not not on hand), boasting of their amorous conquests and their prospects for imminent success, and otherwise behaving in a manner such that, had not every other table in the coffee-house sported a like ring of cox- combs, they’d have made great nuisances of themselves. But Ebenezer himself, though his appearance rendered inconspicuousness out of the question, was bent to taciturnity and undemonstrativeness. He was even chilly. Except for infrequent bursts of garrulity he rarely joined in the talk, but seemed content for the most part simply to watch the other birds preen their feathers. Some took this withdrawal as a sign of his contempt, and so were either intimidated or angered by it, according to the degree of their own self-confidence. Others took it for modesty; others for shyness; others for artistic or philosophical detachment. Had it been in fact symptom of any one of these, there would be no tale to tell; in truth, however, this manner of our poet’s grew out of something much more complicated, which well warrants recounting his childhood, his adventures, and his ultimate demise.

 

2: THE REMARKABLE MANNER IN WHICH EBENEZER WAS EDUCATED, AND THE NO LESS REMARKABLE RESULTS OF THAT EDUCATION

EBENEZER AND ANNA HAD BEEN RAISED TOGETHER. THERE HAPPENING TO be no other children on the estate in St. Giles, they grew up with no playmates except each other, and hence became unusually close. They always played the same games together and were educated in the same subjects, since Andrew was wealthy enough to provide them with a tutor, but not with separate tutoring. Until the age of ten they even shared the same bedroom not that space was lacking either in Andrew’s London house, on Plumtree Street, or in the later establishment at St. Giles, but because Andrew’s old housekeeper, Mrs. Twigg, who was for some years their governess, had in the beginning been so taken with the fact of their twinship that she’d made a point of keeping them together, and then later, when their increased size and presumed awareness began to embarrass her, they- had come so to enjoy each other’s company that she was for a time unable to resist their combined protests at any mention of separate chambers. When the separation was finally effected, at Andrew’s orders, it was merely to adjoining rooms, between which the door was normally left open to allow for conversation.

In the light of all this it is not surprising that even after puberty there was little difference, aside from the physical manifestations of their sex, between the two children. Both were lively, intelligent, and well-behaved. Anna was the less timid of the two (though neither was especially adventuresome), and even when Ebenezer naturally grew to be the taller and physically stronger, Anna was still the quicker and better coordinated, and therefore usually the winner in the games they played: shuttlecock, fives, or ptilk maille; squails, Meg Merrilies, jackstraws, or shove ha’penny. Both were avid readers, and loved the same books: among the classics, the Odyssey and Ovid’s Metamorphoses, the Boofe of Martyrs and the Lives of the Saints; the romances of Valentine and Orson, Bevis of Hampton, and Guy of Warwick; the tales of Robin Good-Fellow, Patient Grisel, and the Foundlings in the Wood; and among the newer books, Janeway’s Token for Children, Batchiler’s Virgins Pattern, and Fisher’s Wise Virgin, as well as Cacoethes Leaden Legacy, The Young Mans Warning-Peece, The Booke of Mery Kiddles, and, shortly after their publication, Pilgrims Progress and Keach’s War with the Devil. Perhaps had Andrew been less preoccupied with his merchant-trading, or Mrs. Twigg with her religion, her gout, and her authority over the other servants, Anna would have been kept to her dolls and embroidery-hoops, and Ebenezer set to mastering the arts of hunting and fencing. But they were seldom subjected to any direction at all, and hence drew small distinction between activities proper for little girls and those proper for little boys.

Their favorite recreation was play-acting. Indoors or out, hour after hour, they played at pirates, soldiers, clerics, Indians, royalty, giants, martyrs, lords and ladies, or any other creatures that took their fancy, inventing action and dialogue as they played. Sometimes they would maintain the same role for days, sometimes only for minutes. Ebenezer, especially, became ingenious at disguising his assumed identity in the presence of adults, while still revealing it clearly enough to Anna, to her great delight, by some apparently innocent gesture or remark. They might spend an autumn morning playing at Adam and Eve out in the orchard, for example, and when at dinner their father forbade them to return there, on account of the mud, Ebenezer would reply with a knowing nod, “Mud’s not the worst oft: I saw a snake as well.” And little Anna,, when she ha8 got her breath back, would declare, “It didn’t frighten me, but Eben’s forehead hath been sweating ever since,” and pass her brother the bread. At night, both before and after their separation into two rooms, they would either continue to make-believe (necessarily confining themselves to dialogue,, which they found it easy to carry on in the dark) or else play word-games; of these they had a great variety, ranging from the simple “How many words do you know beginning with S?” or “How many words rhyme with faster?” to the elaborate codes, reverse pronunciations, and home-made languages of their later childhood, which, when spoken in Andrew’s presence, set him into a thundering rage.

In 1676, when they were ten, Andrew employed for them a new tutor named Henry Burlingame III a wiry, brown-eyed, swarthy youth in his early twenties, energetic, intense, and not at all unhandsome. This Burlingame had for reasons unexplained not completed his baccalaureate; yet for the range and depth of his erudition and abilities he was little short of an Aristotle. Andrew had found him in London unemployed and undernourished, and, always a good businessman, was thus for a miserly fee able to provide his children with a tutor who could sing the tenor in a Gesualdo madrigal as easily as he dissected a field-mouse or conjugated dp.L The twins took an immediate liking to him, and he in turn, after only a few weeks, grew so attached to them that he was overjoyed when Andrew permitted him, at no increase in salary, to convert the little summer-pavilion on the grounds of the St. Giles estate into a combination laboratory and living-quarters, and devote his entire attention to his charges.

He found both to be rapid learners, especially apt in natural philosophy, literature, composition, and music; less so in languages, mathematics, and history. He even taught them how to dance, though Ebenezer by age twelve was already too ungainly to do it well and took small pleasure in it. First he would teach Ebenezer to play the melody on the harpsichord; then he would drill Anna in the steps, to Ebenezer’s accompaniment, until she mastered them; next he would take Ebenezer’s place at the instrument so that Anna could teach her brother the steps; and finally, when the dance was learned, Ebenezer would help Anna master the tune on the harpsichord. Aside from its obvious efficiency, this system was in keeping with the second of Master Burlingame’s three principles of pedagogy; to wit, that one learns a thing best by teaching it. The first was that of the three usual motives for learning things necessity, ambition, and curiosity simple curiosity was the worthiest of development, it being the “purest” (in that the value of what it drives us to learn is terminal rather than instrumental) , the most conducive to exhaustive and continuing rather than cursory or limited study, and the likeliest to render pleasant the labor of learning. The third principle, closely related to the others, was that this sport of teaching and learning should never become associated with certain hours or particular places, lest student and teacher alike (and in Burlingame’s system they were very much alike) fall into the vulgar habit of turning off their alertness,, as it were, except at those times and in those places, and thus make by implication a pernicious distinction between learning and other sorts of natural human behavior.

The twins’ education, then, went on from morning till night. Burlingame joined readily in their play-acting, and had he dared ask leave would have slept with them as well, to guide their word-games. If his system lacked the discipline of John Locke’s, who would have all students soak their feet in cold water, it was a good deal more fun: Ebenezer and Anna loved their teacher, and the three were inseparable companions. To teach them history he directed their play-acting to historical events: Ebenezer would be Little John, perhaps, and Anna Friar Tuck, or Anna St. Ursula and Ebenezer the Fifty Thousand Virgins; to sustain their interest in geography he produced volumes of exotic pictures and tales of adventure; to sharpen their logical equipment he ran them through Zeno’s paradoxes as one would ask riddles, and rehearsed them in Descartes’s skepticism as gaily as though the search for truth and value in the universe were a game of Who’s Got the Button. He taught them to wonder at a leaf of thyme, a line of Palestrina, the configuration of Cassiopeia, the scales of a pilchard, the sound of indefatigable, the elegance of a sorites.

The result of this education was that the twins grew quite enamored of the world especially Ebenezer, for Anna, from about her thirteenth birthday, began to grow more demure and less demonstrative. But Ebenezer could be moved to shivers by the swoop of a barn-swallow, to cries of laughter at the lace of a cobweb or the roar of an organ’s pedal-notes, and to sudden tears by the wit of Volpone, the tension of a violin-box, or the truth of the Pythagorean Theorem. By age eighteen he had reached his full height and ungainliness; he was a nervous, clumsy youth who, though by this time he far excelled his sister in imaginativeness, was much her inferior in physical beauty, for though as twins they shared nearly identical features, Nature saw fit, by subtle alterations, to turn Anna into a lovely young woman and Ebenezer into a goggling scarecrow, just as a clever author may, by the most delicate adjustments, make a ridiculous parody of a beautiful style.

(cont.)

 

 

*

p.s. Hey. ** jay, Howdy. Well, I found a number of ‘Blue Prince’ peek/walkthrough videos, so I’m going to one or two of them and see what I can see at least. My curiosity must be sated, even if superficially. The graphic novelist has just start working on the ‘God Jr.’ graphic novel, and that’s all I really know. I haven’t seen anything. I’m not sure if he’ll let me. ** Steeqhen, I know of the Churchill play but not the Lynch novel. Should I (know it)? Friday, one week, you’ll nail it. In your timeframe, given your productivity, that seems almost like ages. Uh, I can’t think of helpful tips other than, you know, coffee or upper-type drugs, the latter of which could also be a very bad idea. I trust you conquered your head pain and have found a way. ** Misanthrope, Thank you! Here’s to endless silence on their end then. Remember when there could be days or even weeks of silence from the government? Hard to believe now. You made it through. You reading this is proof. ** James Bennett, Covers, right. Good, I mean, the idea of using color in texts is theoretically interesting but it’s nearly always just gimmicky in practice. Maybe I’ll actually make a set of pom poms. What an idea. Maybe a better idea than a reality. Like colored text. ‘Time of the Heathen’, no, I haven’t seen it. How was it? ** _Black_Acrylic, Glad you liked ’em. Rio! Wow. I got shuffled off to summer camps by my parents every summer for a while, but never any further away than very un-scenic Catalina Island, about an hour’s ferry ride from LA. Can’t recommend it. ** Dominik, Hi!!! Some years ago Faucon said he was giving up being an artist, and he gave away or sold all of his stuff, so I guess the dummies are standing and/or sitting in wealthy people’s sitting rooms or storage spaces. His stuff is very, err, perverse. Caused its fair share of controversy here in France. Interesting that you seem to be the only one who picked up on that or at least said so ‘aloud’. My new shoes are doing their best with my painful toes, but they’re certainly not curing them, alas. Your love had very peculiar tastes yesterday, god love him. Love wondering if the reason Pop Tarts don’t taste as good as they did when he was a kid is their problem or his, G. ** Carsten, Hi! Oh, you slid through Paris. Next time, if you’re not sliding too quickly, give a shout. God, has it been 20 years? That’s scary. But time, as ruthless as it is, has a nice talent for also being powerless. Or something. I guess I’m Parisian even though I still barely speak French, which helps make Paris still seem mysterious and wonderful even now, I think. Mm, I think I just do what I’ve always done here, just with different people. I think? Enjoy the sun and sand, obvs. ** Jules, Hi, Jules! I’m very happy to have helped occasion your introduction to his work. Well, you should make a dummy. I mean, why not? How are you? What’s going on? ** Måns BT, Hey. Yes, it’s exciting, and you certainly will meet us. We’ll make sure to do it when you’re there whenever that is. I’ll look for an email from them. When we screened ‘PGL’ there, it was through FilmForm, and they were wonderful. Nice tip about HK himself being in ‘BI’. I don’t know Berlin very well. I’ve only been there a few times, and I didn’t get around all that much because I was always there to do events. Your friends will probably know the scoop. Everybody seems to always go to that club Berghain and enjoy themselves. I can highly recommend you eating Sudanese falafel while you’re there. It’s the only place I know in Europe where you can get it, and it’s insanely delicious. I think *looking down* that I’m on a cumulus cloud. xo. ** catachrestic, Yes, very sad about David Thomas, a totally singular talent. I haven’t looked at those Sirkian porn scripts in decades, mostly because I feel pretty confident that they’re not very good, or my parts of them at least. When I co-wrote them, I was still figuring out how to be a good writer. But you never know. Also, I don’t think my talent weds very well with a Sirkian style and outlook. Plot and dramatic tension and all that is so not in my wheelhouse. I only saw one French friend yesterday, and he said exactly what I thought he would say in so many words: ‘Tocqueville? I think I read him in school, I don’t remember’. I will try one or maybe two more French people at least before I drop the subject though. I wish you beaucoup luck. And give good old PCC a nice foot scuffing for me. ** James, Hey. That guilt you feel is probably all you need to be a driven writer. I think guilt for not writing is a big part of the fuel. Jeez, no idea how many films I’ve seen. I’ve seen a lot of films. Wow. I dated a boy who was a Satanist a zillion years ago. He was cute, and it was interesting. But then he told me that he was putting a curse on every other boy he thought I was attracted to and astral projecting himself into my bedroom to make sure I wasn’t sleeping with anyone else, and that was both ridiculous and annoying, so I broke up with him. That’s good about Durham’s increasing allure probably. No, once I’ve read 5 books I really like I make a post, so they’re random. Happy that ‘TMS’ confused you. Confusion is an underrated positive force. My favorite song on ‘Wowee Zowee’ is ‘Grounded’, just for your information. See, you sorted out the GM Cycle title structure wholly successfully. Smart guy. ** Steve, I haven’t looked at those porn scripts in many ages, but I am just about 100% certain that they’re not worth publishing. I’ve never listen to the Thomas/Thompson albums, and that is just a mind-boggling combo. I need to. What are they like? ** Thomas H., Hi, Very me, yeah, I suppose you’re very right. clipping … interesting, that should be cool. Never watched them in the flesh. I’ll get their new one, thanks for the review. I don’t think I know that Trick Or Treat album. How very curious. I’ll try it. Um, well, there was this limited edition album put out years ago featuring music inspired by my work by Xiu Xiu and Robert Pollard and a bunch of others called ‘Dennis’. I think it’s extremely o.o.p. Otherwise … Christian Death stole one of my poems as lyrics for one of their songs. Maybe there are others that I don’t even know. Until next time indeed! ** HaRpEr, No, no, no, thank you! I heard about the Penman. I want to get it. And obviously great that Dalkey is reprinting ‘Suicide’. Dalkey returning to life is a big relief. One would certainly hope that your essay goes over to say the least. What a sharp premise. I’m the same: if some art or film or book or whatever blows me totally away, I totally clam up. That’s the highest compliment in my book. ** Cletus, Hi, Cletus! Good to see you! Great news about your chapbook! Everyone, The superb poet Cletus Crow has a new chapbook out called ‘Jesus Freak’ and it’s no doubt fantastic and is blurbed by none other than Danielle Chelosky, Zac Smith, and our very own Dominik, and that’s your cue to go look at the cover and then buy a copy, which you can do here. Cool beans, sir! ** DARBY◡̈, A smiling minimalist face! Hm, I can’t remember coming across a sugar daddy in my post searches who’s only into actual dolls, although there are a fair few who want to turn their boys into dolls via head-to-toe latex or mummification. That instagram guy seems most odd and possibly compelling. Should I follow him? Probably, right? I did like Faetooth. And I’m going to listen to more of them. So thanks for the enrichment. Wrapped in duct tape okay, that really helps. I’ll be talking to my roommate very shortly, and I’ll spring the question again with that important added detail. Most of my return to France was clouded over by bad jet lag, but now I’m starting to function properly and see friends and stuff. So it’s getting better. See you soon after you see me! ** Justin D, Howdy, JD. He is, for all intents and purposes, an Outsider artist. I think maybe he studied photography or something, but I don’t believe he went to art school or anything like that. I’m glad his stuff spoke to you. Or whispered maybe. No, I’ve never seen ‘An Angel at My Table’. It’s one of those ‘always have intended to’ films. Okay, I bet it’s on my free/illegal site. I’ll check. Thank you. Having the visa is a peace-making thing, it’s true. But, me being me, I’m already worried about getting it renewed in a year, although that’s supposedly a breeze. Thanks for remembering. What’s next for you? ** Nicholas., Hey. Well, of course. No, I’m kind of allergic to the idea of being a brand. But my novel ‘Guide’ is a sigil. The novel is a sigil. I don’t think anyone can find and read the sigil aspect of it, though. Which is obviously the point of making a sigil. I’ve been a vegetarian since I was 15, but I vaguely remember being one of those kids who swore by In-And-Out. New treats … well, I just found out there’s one restaurant in Paris that serves deep dish pizza, so that’s new and on my future menu. A guy who likes both my work and Arca and is hot? I’m not on Tumblr, but grab him for yourself for goodness sake. ** Okay. Nobody seems to read John Barth anymore, but back when I was in high school, in the days when experimental fiction and movies and music were the big trending thing, it was considered the height of coolness to carry around a John Barth book, and I was one of those cool people, but, in my case, I actually read the Barth books, and the one up above was one of the best ones. See you tomorrow.

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